E-cigarettes for smoking reduction: a piece of the public health puzzle.
E-cigarettes for smoking reduction: a piece of the public health puzzle.
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DOI：
10.1016/s2213-2600(21)00071-0
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发表时间：
2021-08
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Inoue-Choi M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Choi K;Wills TA;Inoue-Choi M
第四，与吸烟相关的发病率和死亡率因种族或民族而异。例如，在每天吸十支烟的人中，非洲裔美国人和夏威夷原住民吸烟者的肺癌估计发病率高于欧洲裔美国吸烟者。 9 因此，目前尚不清楚减少吸烟是否与不同种族或民族肺癌风险的同等降低相关。此外，与非西班牙裔白人相比，非西班牙裔黑人、美洲印第安人和阿拉斯加原住民使用电子烟戒烟的可能性较小。 10 因此，高尼古丁浓度电子烟是否会在亚人群中公平地减少肺癌和其他烟草相关的健康结果仍然未知。总而言之，电子烟在减少烟草相关发病率和死亡率方面的作用及其在美国和全球人口中的差异仍然不确定。 Cobb 和同事进行了一项精心设计的试验，表明高尼古丁浓度可能是与减少尿 NNAL 相关的潜在重要产品规格。为了充分评估通过电子烟减少吸烟对健康的影响，未来的研究需要调查这种行为与普通和高危人群的癌症、心血管和其他疾病的风险以及死亡率之间的关系。未来的研究需要了解如何监管电子烟（例如，作为用于戒烟计划的基于处方的医疗设备），以将科布及其同事的研究结果转化为自然环境。未来的研究结果以及科布及其同事的研究结果可以提供拼图中缺失的部分，以加强政策制定的证据
Fourth, smoking-related morbidity and mortality vary by race or ethnicity. For example, in those who smoke ten cigarettes per day, African-American and Native-Hawaiian smokers have higher estimated rates of lung cancer than European-American smokers. 9 Consequently, it is unclear whether smoking reduction would be associated with equal reduction in lung cancer risk across races or ethnicities. Moreover, non-Hispanic Black, American Indian, and Alaskan Native people have been shown to be less likely to use e-cigarettes for smoking cessation than non-Hispanic White people. 10 Therefore, it remains unknown whether high-nicotineconcentration e-cigarettes would reduce lung cancer and other tobacco-related health outcomes equitably across subpopulations.In conclusion, the role of e-cigarettes in reducing tobacco-related morbidity and mortality and their disparities in the population of the USA and globally remains uncertain. Cobb and colleagues did a carefully designed trial showing that high nicotine concentration might be a potentially important product specification linked to reduced urinary NNAL. To fully evaluate health effects of smoking reduction through e-cigarettes, future research needs to investigate how such behaviour relates to risk of cancer, cardiovascular and other diseases, and mortality in the general and high-risk populations. Future studies are needed to understand how to regulate e-cigarettes (eg, as prescriptionbased medical devices for use in smoking cessation programmes) to translate the findings of Cobb and colleagues to the naturalistic environment. Findings from future studies, together with those from Cobb and colleagues, could provide the missing pieces of the puzzle to strengthen the evidence for policy making to