Report of Scabies Investigation
Report of Scabies Investigation
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疥疮调查报告
DOI：
10.1136/jramc-33-01-01
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发表时间：
1919
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Munro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Munro
本报告中详述的观察和实验主要涉及 Sarcoptes scabieivar、hominis、Mégn.，该品种最常侵染人类，尽管也受到 var.equi、Mégn.、var.capreae、Mégn.、var.cameli、Mégn.、var.suis、Megn.、var.canis、Raill.、var.cameli、Raill. 和var.leonis, Raill, 在不同时期都有报道。描述了感染人类的螨虫的种类，并回顾了它与疾病的关系。患有疥疮的患者似乎特别容易接种战壕热，因为它会引起持续的抓挠。卵期持续约20.5至30.5天，幼虫为10.5至3天，第一若虫为10.5至20.5天，第二若虫为2至4天。成虫可活3至5周。卵的数量在 40 到 50 之间，产在雌性在寄主表皮中挖出的洞穴中。孵化时的幼虫将自己埋在原来洞穴的底部，并产生小泡。第一若虫阶段的细节尚不清楚，但第二个若虫阶段的洞穴比成年雌性小，并且没有小泡。在这些洞穴旁边可能会发现一些小口袋，其中经常含有雄性螨虫。据信，配对发生在这一阶段。螨虫可以通过身体接触、毯子或衣服从一个个体传播到另一个个体。受感染者的衣服可能会保持感染性至少十四天。在测试热量和湿度对螨虫及其卵的影响时发现，适度的湿度和温度对它们至关重要。这一事实以及在蒸汽小屋中暴露在 65°C 的温度下 25 分钟内杀死所有螨虫的事实表明，可以通过湿热或干热方法来处理它们，建议用于消灭虱子[参见这篇评论，Ser. B, vi, p. 219 等，]。引用了疥疮诊断的要点，并建议了进行常规检查和检查方法的规则。所主张的治疗包括系统的机械措施，包括清洗、等，其目的是破坏洞穴并随后暴露螨虫和卵，然后使用杀螨剂、十五分之一的硫磺软膏、硫酸钙溶液或秘鲁香脂。
The observations and experiments detailed in this report deal chiefly withSarcoptes scabieivar,hominis, Mégn., which is the variety that most usually infests man, although attacks by var.equi, Mégn., var.capreae, Mégn., var.cameli, Mégn., var.suis, Megn., var.canis, Raill., var.cameli, Raill., and var.leonis, Raill, have been reported at different times.The variety of mite infesting man is described and its relation to disease is reviewed. Patients suffering from scabies seem especially susceptible to inoculation with trench fever, owing to the continual scratching that it gives rise to. The egg-stage lasts about 20.5 to 30.5 days, the larval 10.5 to 3, the 1st nymphal 10.5 to 20.5, and the 2nd, 2 to 4. The adults may live 3 to 5 weeks. The eggs, between 40 and 50 in number, are deposited in the burrows made by the female in the epidermis of the host. The larvae on hatching bury themselves in the floor of the original burrow and give rise to vesicles.Particulars of the first nymphal stage are not known, but the second is found in burrows smaller than those of the adult female and unaccompanied by vesicles. Small pockets may be found alongside of these burrows which frequently contain a male Acarid. It is believed that pairing takes place during this stage.The mite may be conveyed from one individual to another by body contact, blankets or clothing. The clothing of infested persons may remain infective for at least fourteen days.In testing the effect of heat and moisture on the mites and their eggs it was found that moderate humidity and temperature are essential to them. This and the fact that exposure in a steam hut to a temperature of 65° C. killed all mites in 25 minutes shows that they may be dealt with by the moist or dry heat methods" suggested for louse destruction [see thisReview, Ser. B, vi, p. 219 etc,].The chief points in the diagnosis of scabies are quoted, and rules are suggested for the carrying out of routine inspections and the method of examination. The treatment advocated consists of systematic mechanical measures of washing, etc., which aim at rupture of the burrows and consequent exposure of mites and eggs, followed by the application of an acaricide, sulphur ointment 1 in 15, liquor calcis sulphuratae or balsam of Peru being suggested for this purpose.