Thanatose und Hyp-nose bei Coleopteren. Experimentelle Untersuchungen
Thanatose und Hyp-nose bei Coleopteren. Experimentelle Untersuchungen
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00419278
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发表时间：
1928-01-01
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
BLEICH, OTTO ERNST
中科院分区：
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作者：
BLEICH, OTTO ERNST
作者对鞘翅目三种类型的运动障碍进行了治疗，分别为死亡、麻痹和机械催眠。死亡或假死是一种反射性的高渗反应，可实验性地通过重新刺激释放或延长至瘫痪状态。这种反应因人而异。一般来说，必须刺激胸部区域，以打破死亡状态，而觉醒通常是自发的。化学和光学刺激不会中断死亡。降低体温，延长和加深状态，其基本特征是固定的肌肉张力；反射性烦躁降低；每个物种都有其特定的末端位置，并在特定时期内保持这种状态。刺激疲劳仅在短时间内发生，但反应性可保持一小时。在许多动物中，反射疲劳是通过增加刺激强度和改变刺激种类来克服的。胸神经节在甲虫死亡过程中起重要作用。这些研究是对Silpha obscura、Broscus cephalotes、Lucanus cervus、Phyllopertha horticola、Potosia cuprea、Byrrhus pilula、Corymbites aeneus、Anobium striatum、Blaps mortisaga、Galeruca tanaceti等在死亡过程中假设的位置进行的，并对其他许多种（包括一些幼虫）进行了详细的记录。对猝倒的研究以atroapterus Otiorrhynchus为主。实验对杂交虫、小花椒、小花苞、小花苞、小花苞、小花苞、小花苞、小花苞、小花苞、小花苞等植物进行了实验性催眠或机械催眠研究。
The author treats 3 types of akinesia in Coleoptera, under the names thanatosis, catalepsy and mechanohypnosis. Thanatosis, or feigned death, is a reflex, hypertonic reaction which can be experimentally released or prolonged into paralysis by renewed stimulation. The reaction varies with the individual. As a rule the thoracic region must be stimulated, to break thanatosis, and the awakening is usually spontaneous. Chemical and optical stimuli do not interrupt thanatosis. Lowering the temp. lengthens and deepens the state, which has as its essential characteristic a fixed muscular tonus; the reflex irritability is lowered; each species assumes definite positions of the extremities and continues in this state for a characteristic period. Stimulation fatigue occurs only when the stimuli follow at short intervals, but reactivity is retained up to an hr. Reflex fatigue is overcome in many spp. by increasing the stimulus intensity and by changes in kind of stimulus. The thoracic ganglia in beetles play an important role in thanatosis. These studies were conducted with Silpha obscura,* Broscus cephalotes,* Lucanus cervus,* Phyllopertha horticola,* Potosia cu-prea,* Byrrhus pilula,* Corymbites aeneus,* Anobium striatum,* Blaps mortisaga,* and Galeruca tanaceti* which are shown in the positions assumed in thanatosis, and detailed records are also given for many other spp., including some larvae. The studies in catalepsy were based on Otiorrhynchus atroapterus. Experimental catalepsy or mechanohypnosis was studied in Cicindela hybrida,* Calosoma inquisitor,* Carabus granulatus,* Calathus juscipes,* Poecilus lepidus,* P. punctatus,* etc., as tabulated.