Anxiety disorders: Sex differences in prevalence, degree, and background, but gender-neutral treatment
Anxiety disorders: Sex differences in prevalence, degree, and background, but gender-neutral treatment
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DOI：
10.1016/s1550-8579(07)80057-x
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
van Mens-Verhulst, Janneke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bekker, Marrie H. J.;van Mens-Verhulst, Janneke
背景资料：焦虑症是更普遍的女性比男性。Objective：本文的目的是探讨在何种程度上目前的心理学理论和治疗焦虑症纳入性别和gender considerations.Methods：相关的英语，荷兰语，德语，或法语的实证文章发表到2006年11月，确定使用PsycINFO和PubMed数据库以及手动搜索。使用以下检索词：焦虑症和性别差异、焦虑症和性别、焦虑症和女性、焦虑症和男性;使用这些检索词与患病率、表型、治疗和疗法的组合。除了上述所有的组合，我们用广场恐怖症、惊恐障碍、社交恐惧症、特定恐惧症、强迫症、创伤后应激障碍、急性应激障碍和广泛性焦虑障碍代替焦虑障碍。结果：尽管人们广泛关注焦虑症患病率的性别差异及其可能的起源，很少注意到这些差异的treatment.Conclusions：预防和治疗焦虑症可能会更有效，如果有关性别和性别特异性的现有知识实施。同时，在整个研究过程中，通过更多地考虑性别，可以改善治疗效果研究。关于性、性别和焦虑症之间的关系，需要进行更多的基础研究，特别是与其他在性别之间患病率不平等的精神疾病相关的研究。(Gend Med. 2007;4[Suppl B]：S178-S193）版权所有（c）2007 Excerpta Medica，Inc.
Background: Anxiety disorders are more prevalent among women than among men.Objective: The aim of this paper was to investigate to what degree current psychological theories and treatment of anxiety disorders incorporate sex and gender considerations.Methods: Relevant English, Dutch, German, or French empirical articles published until November 2006 were identified using the PsycINFO and PubMed databases as well as manual searches. The following search terms were used: anxiety disorders and sex differences, anxiety disorders and gender, anxiety disorders and women, anxiety disorders and men; combinations of these terms were used with prevalence, phenotypes, treatment, and therapy. In addition to all the aforementioned combinations, we replaced anxiety disorders with agoraphobia, panic disorder, social phobia, specific phobia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, acute stress disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder.Results: Whereas widespread attention has been paid to sex differences in the prevalence of anxiety disorders and their possible origins, scant attention has been given to these differences in terms of treatment.Conclusions: Prevention and treatment of anxiety disorders might be more effective if the available knowledge about sex and gender specificity was implemented. Concomitantly, treatment effect studies could be improved by greater consideration of sex and gender throughout the research process. More fundamental research is needed regarding the relationship between sex, gender, and anxiety disorders, particularly in association with other mental disorders that have an unequal prevalence between the sexes. (Gend Med. 2007;4[Suppl B]:S178-S193) Copyright (c) 2007 Excerpta Medica, Inc.