Impact of the reemergence of North Pacific subtropical mode water on the multi-year modulation of marine heatwaves in the North Pacific Ocean during winter and early spring
Impact of the reemergence of North Pacific subtropical mode water on the multi-year modulation of marine heatwaves in the North Pacific Ocean during winter and early spring
复制标题
北太平洋副热带模式水的重新出现对北太平洋冬季和早春海洋热浪的多年调节的影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Yang‐Ki Cho
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Y. Tak;Hajoon Song;Yang‐Ki Cho
海洋热浪（MHWs）的特点是海水温度极高，可能会损害海洋生态系统和渔业;改善对此类事件的预测可以减少其有害影响。本文在资料分析和数值试验的基础上，研究了冬季/早春北太平洋MHWs及其与北太平洋副热带模态水（STMW）的关系。MHWs的累积强度与每年3月STMW的体积之间的时滞相关性表明，STMW可以调制MHWs长达三年后形成。一个补丁的统计上显着的负相关最初出现在STMW的形成区域，但被发现到它的东部附近的过渡区叶绿素锋（TZCF）一年后。在第二个冬天和早春，这片土地在这个偏远的地方停滞不前。被动示踪剂实验表明，3月在黑潮延伸区附近形成的STMW在混合层下方向东移动，并在次年冬季被夹带到海面，同时改变了STMW的性质。STMW在TZCF附近的混合层下停滞后，在第二个冬季重新出现。这表明，STMW的重新出现可以抑制MHWs在北太平洋冬季和早春通过降低海表温度;如果STMW的体积是非常低的，有一个更大的可能性，MHWs附近的TZCF在接下来的两个冬季和早春的发生。我们的研究结果表明，了解STMW的形成是至关重要的预测MHW在北太平洋冬季和早春。
Marine heatwaves (MHWs), which are characterized by extremely warm water, can harm the marine ecosystem and fishing industry; improving the prediction of such events could reduce their harmful impact. In this study, we examined MHWs occurring in the North Pacific in winter/early spring, and their relationship with North Pacific subtropical mode water (STMW), based on the data analysis and numerical experiments. The time-lagged correlation between the cumulative intensity of MHWs and volume of STMW in March of each year suggests that STMW can modulate MHWs for up to three years after its formation. A patch of statistically significant negative correlation initially appeared in the formation region of the STMW but was found to the east of it near the Transition Zone Chlorophyll Front (TZCF) after one year. This patch stagnated near this remote site in the second winter and early spring. Passive tracer experiments using a numerical model indicate that the STMW, formed near the Kuroshio Extension in March, moves to the east underneath the mixed layer and is entrained to the surface in the following winter while altering the properties of STMW. The STMW reemerges in the second winter, after stagnating under the mixed layer near the TZCF. This suggests that the reemergence of STMW can suppress MHWs in the North Pacific during winter and early spring by reducing the sea surface temperature; if the volume of STMW is anomalously low, there is a greater likelihood of the occurrence of MHWs near the TZCF in the following two winters and early springs. Our results indicate that understanding STMW formation is crucial for predicting MHWs in the North Pacific Ocean during winter and early spring.