Maize yield and nutrition during 4 years after biochar application to a Colombian savanna oxisol
Maize yield and nutrition during 4 years after biochar application to a Colombian savanna oxisol
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DOI：
10.1007/s11104-010-0327-0
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发表时间：
2010-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Lehmann, Johannes
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Major, Julie;Rondon, Marco;Lehmann, Johannes
生物炭(生物质黑碳)在土壤中的应用已被证明可以提高作物产量，但其原因往往没有得到清楚的证明。在这里，我们研究了在玉米-大豆轮作下，在哥伦比亚稀树草原草甸土上单施0、8和20t ha(-1)生物炭4年(2003-2006年)的效果。除2005年外，所有年份在玉米收获后都进行了30厘米以下的土壤采样，采集了玉米组织样本，并在收获时测量了作物生物量。玉米籽粒产量在第一年没有显著增加，但在2004年、2005年和2006年，20公顷(-1)地块的玉米产量分别比对照增加了28%、30%和140%。生物炭对钙、镁等养分的有效性较高，作物组织分析表明，钙、镁在该系统中的有效性受到限制。随着生物炭用量的增加，土壤pH升高，交换性酸度呈下降趋势。我们将更高的作物产量和养分吸收主要归因于施用生物炭的土壤中有效钙和镁增加了77%-320%。
The application of biochar (biomass-derived black carbon) to soil has been shown to improve crop yields, but the reasons for this are often not clearly demonstrated. Here, we studied the effect of a single application of 0, 8 and 20 t ha(-1) of biochar to a Colombian savanna Oxisol for 4 years (2003-2006), under a maize-soybean rotation. Soil sampling to 30 cm was carried out after maize harvest in all years but 2005, maize tissue samples were collected and crop biomass was measured at harvest. Maize grain yield did not significantly increase in the first year, but increases in the 20 t ha(-1) plots over the control were 28, 30 and 140% for 2004, 2005 and 2006, respectively. The availability of nutrients such as Ca and Mg was greater with biochar, and crop tissue analyses showed that Ca and Mg were limiting in this system. Soil pH increased, and exchangeable acidity showed a decreasing trend with biochar application. We attribute the greater crop yield and nutrient uptake primarily to the 77-320% greater available Ca and Mg in soil where biochar was applied.