An automated internet geoinformation service for integrating online geoinformation services and generating quasi-realistic spatial population GIS maps-猫眼课题宝

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2010-05

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作者：

S. Shi;N. Walford

本文介绍了一种低成本的自动化互联网地理信息服务的设计和实现，命名为金斯顿自动化地理信息服务（KAGIS），提供了英国的学术界与完全处理的准现实的GIS地图的空间人口分布，称为dasymetric地图。这项服务的主要创新之处在于，它对普查区统计数据进行时空内插，使用户能够克服不同普查活动使用的边界不一致所带来的困难。该系统的设计和编程是为了实时、按需在线整合爱丁堡大学的地理空间数据服务和曼彻斯特大学的人口普查数据服务，以便根据用户的请求，自动对2001、1991和1981人口普查年中任何一年以及联合王国所有人口普查区各级的任何有关地区进行地理处理并提供数字化不对称地图。该系统能够根据用户发出的请求自动处理大型GIS数据集。该系统释放了这些以前孤立的数字储存库中保存的大量地理空间和普查数据，并进行了所有必要的数据处理，以新的工作流程生成所需的空间信息产品。在线数据传输、检索、整合、处理和生成英国县一级的准现实空间人口（dasymetric）地理信息系统地图通常需要2分钟。KAGIS使英国学术界的人口普查数据特别兴趣小组能够访问和利用这一新提供的人口普查服务，用于广泛的应用，例如分析人口随时间的变化，并进行精细分辨率的详细空间人口估计，用于各种规模和感兴趣的地区的规划。数据集的在线交互式选择以及在线异构数据整合、面积插值和数据处理的整个程序以及从遥感图像中获得的辅助土地利用图都是自动化的，为最终用户提供了机会，只需遵循几个指导性的复选框和点击按钮的步骤，即可获得最终的数字化数据不对称图。KAGIS的设计采用面向服务的设计架构，将最新的门户网站技术和ArcGIS Server技术结合起来，通过一组专门设计和编码的可执行程序，在一个新的工作流程中执行连贯的链式操作，实现了新的安全的互联网地理信息服务，并将其编程为一个新的有状态应用程序，能够提供运行时的在线数据集成，处理并将生成的GIS地图交付给并发的互联网用户。KAGIS的新方面包括其作为一个新的完全综合服务系统的运作，该系统充当自动化在线集成器、数据处理器、电子内容生成器和安全服务提供者。该系统创新性地根据用户要求，将以前孤立的地理空间和人口普查数据存储库和服务实时、完美、按需组合起来。连贯链接的模块和工作流程的新颖设计实现了实时数字数据采集、实时数据处理的全自动化过程，以实现按需GIS模型生成和服务交付。KAGIS的安全在线服务技术的全部和部分是通用的，普遍适用于世界上任何国家。随着全球化和发展的进程，各国都经历了和正在经历重大的发展和变化。KAGIS的技术和知识经验可以帮助世界上任何国家开发其安全的互联网GIS服务，为特定的决策系统整合地理信息，并提供低成本和有效的方法来处理和利用现有的地理数据，用于多种目的，如发展规划。

This paper presents the design and realisation of a low-cost automated internet geoinformation service, named Kingston Automated Geoinformation Service (KAGIS), that provides the United Kingdom’s academic community with fully processed quasi-realistic GIS maps of spatial population distribution, known as dasymetric maps. The key innovative aspect of the service is that it undertakes spatio-temporal interpolation for census area statistics and enable users to overcome the difficulties associated with inconsistent boundaries used by different census events. It is designed and programmed to carry out live, on-demand online integration of Edinburgh University’s geospatial data service (EDINA) and Manchester University’s census data service (MIMAS), to automatically geoprocess and deliver digital dasymetric maps for any of 2001, 1991 and 1981 census years and any area of interest at all census area levels in the United Kingdom as per user’s request. The system is capable of automatically handling large GIS datasets in accordance with users issuing requests. The system unleashes a large amount of geospatial and census data held in these formerly isolated digital repositories and carries out all necessary data processing to generate the requested spatial information products in a novel workflow. The online data transmission, retrieval, integration, processing and generation of quasi-realistic spatial population (dasymetric) GIS maps at the English county level typically take 2 minutes. KAGIS enables census data special interest group in the UK’s academic community to access and utilise this newly available geoprocessing service for a wide range of applications, such as analysing population changes over the time and undertaking fine resolution detailed spatial population estimation for planning at various scales and areas of interest. Online interactive selection of datasets and the entire procedure of online heterogeneous data integration, areal interpolation and data processing for dasymetric maps with ancillary landuse maps derived from remotely sensed imagery are automated to offer end users opportunities to simply follow a few instructive checkbox and button-clicking steps to obtain resultant digital dasymetric maps. The design of KAGIS adopts the service oriented design architecture to couple the latest web portal technology and ArcGIS Server technology to realise the new secure internet geoinformation service with a set of specially designed and coded geoprocessing programs performing coherent chained actions in a novel workflow and it is programmed as a novel stateful application to be able to provide the runtime online data integration, processing and resultant GIS map delivering service to concurrent internet users. Novel aspects of KAGIS include its operation as a new fully integrated service system that acts as an automated online integrator, data processor, e-content generator and secure service deliverer. The system innovatively carries out live, flawless, on-demand combination of formerly isolated geospatial and census data-only repositories and services according to user requests. The novel design of coherently chained modules and workflow enables fully automated processes for real-time digital data acquisition, realtime data processing for on-demand GIS model generation and service delivery. The whole and parts of the secure online service technology of KAGIS are generic and universally applicable in any countries in the world. With the process of globalisation and development, all countries have been and are undergoing significant development and change. The technology and know-how experience of KAGIS can assist any country in the world to develop its secure internet GIS services, integrating geographical information for specific decision making systems as well as providing low-cost and efficient ways to process and utilise existing geographical data for a multitude of purposes such as development planning.

An automated internet geoinformation service for integrating online geoinformation services and generating quasi-realistic spatial population GIS maps

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