A Threshold-Based Bioluminescence Detector With a CMOS-Integrated Photodiode Array in 65 nm for a Multi-Diagnostic Ingestible Capsule
A Threshold-Based Bioluminescence Detector With a CMOS-Integrated Photodiode Array in 65 nm for a Multi-Diagnostic Ingestible Capsule
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DOI：
10.1109/jssc.2022.3197465
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发表时间：
2023-03
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Qijun Liu;Miguel Jimenez;Maria Eugenia Inda;Arslan Riaz;T. Zirtiloglu;A. Chandrakasan;T. Lu;
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Qijun Liu;Miguel Jimenez;Maria Eugenia Inda;Arslan Riaz;T. Zirtiloglu;A. Chandrakasan;T. Lu;
本文介绍了一种用于生化检测的高度小型化的可食性电子胶囊，该胶囊通过机载基因工程生物传感器细菌进行检测。核心集成电路(IC)是一种基于阈值的生物发光检测器，采用65 nm工艺的CMOS集成光电二极管阵列，利用双占空比前端实现低功耗。所实现的IC使用校准光源实现了59 nW的有功功耗、25 fA/次的分辨率和59 fA的最小可检测信号(MDS)。然后，该IC与其他系统组件集成到一个电池供电的无线可摄取胶囊中，该胶囊厚度仅为6.5毫米，直径为12毫米。我们展示了在体外暴露于肠道炎症生物标记物四硫酸盐时，成功检测到来自生物工程细菌传感器的低强度生物发光信号。总而言之，IC和毫米级智能药丸系统表现出高灵敏度和低功率多路复用测量能力，适合胃肠道(GI)的非侵入性疾病诊断和监测。
This article presents a highly miniaturized ingestible electronic capsule for biochemical detection via onboard genetically engineered biosensor bacteria. The core integrated circuit (IC) is a threshold-based bioluminescence detector with a CMOS-integrated photodiode array in a 65-nm technology that utilizes a dual-duty-cycling front end to achieve low power consumption. The implemented IC achieved 59-nW active power consumption, 25-fA/count resolution, and a 59-fA minimum detectable signal (MDS) using a calibrated optical source. The IC was then integrated with other system components into a battery-powered wireless ingestible capsule measuring just 6.5 mm thick $\times $ 12 mm diameter. We demonstrated successful detection of low-intensity bioluminescent signals from bioengineered bacterial sensors when exposed to the intestinal inflammation biomarker tetrathionate in vitro. Together, the IC and mm-scale smart pill systems demonstrate high sensitivity with low-power multiplexed measurement capability suitable for noninvasive disease diagnosis and monitoring in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract.