EXPERIMENTAL ECOLOGY OF FOOD WEBS: COMPLEX SYSTEMS IN TEMPORARY PONDS
EXPERIMENTAL ECOLOGY OF FOOD WEBS: COMPLEX SYSTEMS IN TEMPORARY PONDS
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食物网的实验生态学：临时池塘中的复杂系统
DOI：
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发表时间：
1997
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通讯作者：
H. Wilbur
中科院分区：
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作者：
H. Wilbur
食物网以图形化的方式表示营养和能量通过生态系统的生物组成部分的路径，以及个体利用猎物和躲避敌人的背景。临时池塘是研究食物网的绝佳场所，因为它们是离散的群落，可以在接近自然栖息地现实的容器中进行模拟。人工池塘允许在复杂的实验中重复初始条件和充分复制独立的实验单位，以检验关于自然群落结构和功能控制的假设。我结合了对天然池塘的观察、我研究区域内人工池塘的“实验自然史”，以及对144个重复池塘的对照实验，来开发并验证关于食物网结构是如何调节的假说。对食物网的理解始于种群生物学。两栖动物利用其双相生活史中的水生幼虫阶段来开发短肢动物。
A food web graphically represents the paths of nutrients and energy through the living components of an ecosystem and the context in which individuals exploit their prey and avoid their enemies. Temporary ponds are excellent arenas for the study of food webs because they are discrete communities that can be mimicked in containers that approach the realism of natural habitats. Artificial ponds permit repeatable initial conditions and sufficient replication of independent experimental units in complex experiments to test hypotheses about the control of structure and function in natural communities. I used a combination of observations of natural ponds, “experimental natural history” of artificial ponds in my study area, and controlled experiments in an array of 144 replicate ponds to develop, then test, hypotheses about how the structures of food webs are regulated. Understanding food webs begins with population biology. Amphibians use the aquatic larval stage of their biphasic life cycle to exploit ephemer...