LOTUKO DIALECTS
LOTUKO DIALECTS
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洛图科方言
DOI：
10.1525/aa.1932.34.4.02a00060
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Driberg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Driberg
HE 短词汇 111 至 VIII 是我出于特定目的而收集的，首先应该对此进行解释。它们很短，几乎没有什么语言价值，但在快速游览有关民族的过程中，没有时间做更多的事情。这说明了所选择的单词。它们被选为最容易通过陌生媒介理解的。这就是为什么，例如，尽管包括了“昨天”和“明天”，但省略了“今天”，因为经验表明，在第一次尝试获得新词汇时，“今天”可能经常被误认为“现在”或“立即”，反之亦然。对于词汇 111、IV、V 和 VI，Lotuko 被用作解释媒介，并雇用了一名讲 Lotuko 的翻译，我可以通过对 Lotuko 的一点了解，特别是对 Lotuko 的 Langol 方言的了解来进行检查。词汇第七和第八是直接通过迪丁加媒介获得的，这两个部落的大量成员都能理解。出于比较的目的，词汇 I 和 I1 被列入其中，前者摘自拉格伦勋爵的论文“The Lotuko Language”*。我收集这些词汇的目的是为了找到一些关于不同部落关系的语言线索，这将支持或反驳我在文化基础上形成的某些理论。该地区以前是讲希鲁克语的民族的家园，尼罗河家族的不同部落在十五世纪分散后从这里向北和向南迁移。从那时起，不同的文化在这里发生冲突，山上保存着因外来民族涌入更容易到达的平原而与世隔绝的破碎部落残余。我在这里不想讨论这个更大的关系问题——
HE short vocabularies 111 to VIII were collected by me for a specific T purpose which should first be explained. They are so short as to have little linguistic value, but there was no time to do more in the course of a rapid tour of the peoples concerned. This accounts for the words selected. They were chosen as the easiest to comprehend through an unfamiliar medium. That is why, for example, “today” was omitted though both “yesterday” and “tomorrow” were included, as experience has shown that “today” may often be mistaken for “now” or “immediately” and vice versa in the first attempts a t securing a new vocabulary. For vocabularies 111, IV, V, and VI, Lotuko was used as the medium of interpretation and a Lotuko-speaking interpreter was employed, whom I was able to check by a slight knowledge of Lotuko and particularly of the Langol dialect of Lotuko. Vocabularies VII and VIII were obtained directly through the medium of Didinga, which is understood by a large number of the members of these two tribes. Vocabularies I and I1 have been included for the purpose of comparison, the former being extracted from Lord Raglan’s paper “The Lotuko Language.”* My purpose in collecting these vocabularies was to find some linguistic clue to the relationships of the various tribes, which would support or disprove certain theories I had formed on cultural grounds. This area was formerly the homeland of the Shilluk-speaking peoples, and from it the different tribes of the Nilotic family moved north and south after the dispersal in the fifteenth century. Ever since then different cultures have been in conflict here, and the mountains have preserved broken remnants of tribes isolated by the inundation of alien peoples into the more accessible plains. I do not here wish to enter into the larger question of the relation be-