A Late Cretaceous Dinosaur and Reptile Assemblage from South Carolina, USA
A Late Cretaceous Dinosaur and Reptile Assemblage from South Carolina, USA
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美国南卡罗来纳州的白垩纪晚期恐龙和爬行动物组合
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发表时间：
2015
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通讯作者：
R. Weems
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作者：
D. Schwimmer;A. Sanders;Bruce R. Erickson;R. Weems
交易105/1（反对时间：来自纳粹德国的信件，1938-1939）将在2015年7月或8月之前无法获得。我们对延误表示歉意，并感谢您的耐心。前言这卷描述了一个新的组合晚白垩世恐龙和爬行动物遗骸从坎帕尼亚和马斯特里赫特沉积东部南卡罗来纳州。十四个地点中有六个地点新发现了兽脚亚目恐龙和鸭嘴龙恐龙，大大增加了美国东部已知的恐龙遗骸地点。恐龙遗骸与大量的侧颈龟Bothremys的骨骼和头骨碎片以及海洋和淡水的隐龟（Cryptodire turtles），包括Cheloniodes，Osteopygis和Trionychidae的物种，以及Cheloniodes中的Toxochelys，Peritresius，Euclastes和本文描述的皮甲科Corsochelys的新物种。在这些地方发现的其他爬行动物化石包括三个鳄鳄属（恐鳄属、波托龙属和北方鳄属），以及一个不确定的长喙龙、沧龙、蛇颈龙和一种蜥蜴。这一组合总体上由破碎的骨骼和孤立的牙齿组成，具有滞后沉积的特征，包含混合的海洋和非海洋类群，以海龟和鳄鱼为主。讨论了动物群的埋藏学和古生态学方面，包括粪化石和骨头上的咬痕。概述了南卡罗来纳州在北美白垩纪沉积和动物群研究的早期历史中所起的重要但很少提及的作用，并分析了14个地点的地层环境。在发现恐龙化石的六个地点中，有两个主要地点取得了大多数：一个在达林顿县的斯托克斯采石场，在坎帕阶马车夫组中期;另一个在威廉斯堡县的金斯特里，在坎帕阶多诺霍溪组晚期。致谢如果没有德文哈德逊和小弗兰克莫宁的远见和努力，这本书就不会存在，来自南卡罗来纳州佛罗伦萨和南卡罗来纳州哈茨维尔的雷·奥格尔维，这三位动物化石收藏家认识到了他们20年前开始在佛罗伦萨和达林顿县收集的脊椎动物化石材料的潜在科学价值。他们坚持不懈地寻找地点和标本，为该州所在地区的化石记录增添了前所未有的信息，我们衷心感谢他们与我们分享他们对该地区的了解，感谢他们对该领域的不懈兴趣和帮助，以及他们对本研究中使用的绝大多数标本的贡献。帕尔默收集了我们的许多标本，他在金斯特里地区的活动为那里发现的脊椎动物材料提供了新的线索。我们还要感谢布鲁斯C。作者声明：Robert C.梅尔基奥（贝米吉州立大学），他在1984年和1985年协助从金斯特里遗址恢复标本。我们特别感谢L先生。H.斯托克斯，斯托克斯砂和砾石公司，允许奥格尔维，上午，和其他有关的这个项目，收集化石在斯托克斯采石场，而它是在他的所有权，并向新的所有者，威廉E。Dauksch，他慷慨地允许Ogilvie和Morning继续在现场收集活动。还要感谢凯伦·奈特、万斯·麦科勒姆、大卫·西西穆里、迈克·布鲁格曼和埃里克·奥格尔维在斯托克斯采石场的实地考察。如果没有詹姆斯·L.奈特博士，前南卡罗来纳州州立博物馆馆长，是他安排借出了这些重要标本。W.感谢南卡罗来纳州地质调查局局长克伦迪宁授权调查人员钻孔，以确定我们两个地点的白垩纪沉积物的年龄，并感谢拉尔夫·H.…
Transactions 105/1 (AGAINST TIME: Letters from Nazi Germany, 1938-1939) will not be available until July or August 2015. We apologize for the delay, and appreciate your patience.PREFACEThis volume describes a new assemblage of Late Cretaceous dinosaur and reptile remains from Campanian and Maastrichtian deposits of eastern South Carolina. Six of the fourteen localities include new occurrences of theropod and hadrosaur dinosaurs, substantially increasing the known localities in the eastern United States that have produced dinosaur remains. Dinosaur remains were associated with abundant bones and skull fragments of the marine pleurodire (sidenecked) turtle Bothremys, as well as marine and freshwater cryptodire turtles, including species of Adocus, Osteopygis, and Trionychidae, and, among the chelonioids, Toxochelys, Peritresius, Euclastes, and a new species of the dermochelyid Corsochelys described herein. Other reptilian remains in these localities are three identifiable crocodilian genera (Deinosuchus, Bottosaurus, and Borealosuchus) and an indeterminate longirostrine, mosasaurs, plesiosaurs, and a teiid lizard. This assemblage overall consists of fragmented bones and isolated teeth, characteristic of lag deposits, containing admixed marine and nonmarine taxa, dominated by turtles and crocodilians. Taphonomic and paleoecological aspects of the fauna are discussed, including coprolites and bite marks on bones.The important but seldom-mentioned role that South Carolina played in the early history of studies of North American Cretaceous deposits and faunas is outlined, and the stratigraphic settings of fourteen localities are analyzed. Of the six localities where dinosaur bones were found, two principal sites yielded the majority: one at Stokes Quarry, Darlington County, in the mid-Campanian Coachman Formation; the other at Kings tree, Williamsburg County, from the late Campanian Donoho Creek Formation.ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThis volume would not exist were it not for the foresight and efforts of Derwin Hudson and Frank Morning, Jr., of Florence, South Carolina, and Ray Ogilvie, of Hartsville, South Carolina, three avocational collectors who recognized the potential scientific value of the fossil vertebrate material that they began collecting in Florence and Darlington counties two decades ago. Their persistence in searching out localities and specimens has added more information to the fossil record of their region of the state than has ever been recorded before, and we are sincerely grateful to them for sharing their knowledge of the area with us, for their unflagging interest and assistance in the field, and for their contributions of the vast majority of the specimens used in this study.Charleston Museum volunteer Billy T. Palmer collected many of our specimens, and his activities at the Kingstree locality shed new light on the vertebrate material found there. We also thank Bruce C. Lampright and Robert C. Melchior (Bemidji State University), who assisted with the recovery of specimens from the Kingstree site in 1984 and 1985. We are especially grateful to Mr. L. H. Stokes, of the Stokes Sand and Gravel Company, for permitting Ogilvie, Morning, and others associated with this project to collect fossils at Stokes Quarry while it was under his ownership, and to the new owner, Mr. William E. Dauksch, who graciously permitted Ogilvie and Morning to continue collecting activities at the site. Thanks are also extended to Karen Knight, Vance McCollum, David Cicimurri, Mike Bruggerman, and Eric Ogilvie for their fieldwork at the Stokes Quarry site. This book would not have been completed without the help of James L. Knight, formerly of the South Carolina State Museum, who arranged the loan of important specimens in that collection.We are especially grateful to Dr. C. W. Clendinin, Director of the South Carolina Geological Survey, for authorizing the drilling of auger holes by Survey personnel to determine the age of the Cretaceous sediments at two of our sites, and to Ralph H. …