Nanoparticles of palladium supported on bacterial biomass: New re-usable heterogeneous catalyst with comparable activity to homogeneous colloidal Pd in the Heck reaction
Nanoparticles of palladium supported on bacterial biomass: New re-usable heterogeneous catalyst with comparable activity to homogeneous colloidal Pd in the Heck reaction
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DOI：
10.1016/j.apcatb.2013.04.022
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发表时间：
2013-08-01
影响因子：
22.1
通讯作者：
Macaskie, L. E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bennett, J. A.;Mikheenko, I. P.;Macaskie, L. E.
利用碘苯与丙烯酸乙酯或苯乙烯的Heck偶联来评价负载在细菌生物量（bioPd）表面的生物源钯纳米颗粒的催化性能，该方法结合了均相和非均相催化剂的优点。在Heck反应中，生物材料的活性与胶体钯相当，苯乙烯和碘苯偶联的最终卤化物转化率为85%，初始速率为0.17 mmol/min，而在相同的反应条件下，在0.5 mol.%的催化剂负载下，胶体钯催化剂的最终转化率为70%，初始速率为0.15 mmol/min。它在重力作用下或通过过滤很容易从产品中分离出来，重复使用，损失低或结块。与两种可选的钯催化剂（商用5% Pd/C和四烷基铵稳定钯簇）相比，bioPd在连续六次烷基化中成功重复使用，与未使用的催化剂相比，反应速率仅略有下降（在第六次运行时，使用bioPd催化剂，g Pd的初始标准化速率降低了5%，Pd/C的初始标准化速率降低了95%）。一种可重复使用的钯催化剂，由其他工艺遗留下来的细菌廉价制成，将通过减少工业应用中的金属损失来保护初级资源，并对矿石初级加工的大量环境需求产生影响。(C) 2013年作者。Elsevier B.V.版权所有。
The Heck coupling of iodobenzene with ethyl acrylate or styrene was used to assess the catalytic properties of biogenic nanoparticles of palladium supported upon the surface of bacterial biomass (bioPd), this approach combining advantages of both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts. The biomaterial was comparably active or superior to colloidal Pd in the Heck reaction, giving a final conversion of 85% halide and initial rate of 0.17 mmol/min for the coupling of styrene and iodobenzene compared to a final conversion of 70% and initial rate of 0.15 mmol/min for a colloidal Pd catalyst under the same reaction conditions at 0.5 mol.% catalyst loading. It was easily separated from the products under gravity or by filtration for reuse with low loss or agglomeration. When compared to two alternative palladium catalysts, commercial 5% Pd/C and tetraalkylammonium-stabilised palladium clusters, the bioPd was successfully reused in six sequential alkylations with only slight decreases in the rate of reaction as compared to virgin catalyst (initial rate normalised for g Pd decreased by 5% by the 6th run with bioPd catalyst cf. a decrease of 95% for Pd/C). A re-usable Pd-catalyst made cheaply from bacteria left over from other processes would impact on both conservation of primary sources via reduced metal losses in industrial application and the large environmental demand of primary processing from ores. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.