Preparing Medical Specialists for Genomic Medicine: Continuing Education Should Include Opportunities for Experiential Learning
Preparing Medical Specialists for Genomic Medicine: Continuing Education Should Include Opportunities for Experiential Learning
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DOI：
10.3389/fgene.2020.00151
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发表时间：
2020-03-03
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Gaff, Clara L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
McClaren, Belinda J.;Crellin, Erin;Gaff, Clara L.
随着对基因组研究需求的增加，医学专家将需要并开始实践基因组医学。来自不同专业的医学专家需要准备好适当地实践基因组医学，这一点得到了广泛的认可，但现有的研究集中在单一专业或临床环境中。我们探讨了来自澳大利亚各地的各种医学专家（不包括遗传学专家）在基因组医学方面的继续教育需求。采访了86名来自不同医学专业的澳大利亚医学专家。归纳内容分析按职业阶段和基因组学经验对参与者进行分类。与教育需求有关的主题是通过新概念作者之间的不断比较和讨论确定的。我们的研究结果表明，参与者认为，在基因组医学的经验学习是必要的，以发展临床护理所需的信心和技能。报告的主要主题是：根据专业和个人的需要量身定制教育;同伴互动使知识有了背景;经验将有助于培养信心和技能。事实上，获得经验的途径可能会增加参与基因组医学的继续教育，因为专家在临床实践中接触到相关应用。与会者肯定了基因组医学继续教育的必要性，但认为需要根据专业和个人量身定制：一种尺寸不适合所有人，因此需要采取多方面的方法。参与者很少参加基因组医学的正规继续教育。更常见的是，他们报告通过观察、案例审查或与其专业的“基因组学冠军”互动来体验学习，这使他们的知识背景化。医学专家预计，基因组医学将成为他们实践的一部分，这可能会减少对专业遗传工作人员的需求。他们希望在他们自己的医学专业领域内获得基因组学专业知识的专家，在他们发展实践基因组医学的技能和信心时，获得特定和背景化的支持。这些调查结果突出表明，需要在继续教育中包括体验式学习的机会。在这些访谈中确定的概念可以用更大的医学专家样本进行测试，以确定其代表性。
With the demand for genomic investigations increasing, medical specialists will need to, and are beginning to, practice genomic medicine. The need for medical specialists from diverse specialties to be ready to appropriately practice genomic medicine is widely recognised, but existing studies focus on single specialties or clinical settings. We explored continuing education needs in genomic medicine of a wide range of medical specialists (excluding genetic specialists) from across Australia. Interviews were conducted with 86 medical specialists in Australia from diverse medical specialties. Inductive content analysis categorized participants by career stage and genomics experience. Themes related to education needs were identified through constant comparison and discussion between authors of emerging concepts. Our findings show that participants believe that experiential learning in genomic medicine is necessary to develop the confidence and skills needed for clinical care. The main themes reported are: tailoring of education to the specialty and the individual; peer interactions contextualizes knowledge; experience will aid in developing confidence and skills. In fact, avenues of gaining experience may result in increased engagement with continuing education in genomic medicine as specialists are exposed to relevant applications in their clinical practice. Participants affirmed the need for continuing education in genomic medicine but identified that it would need to be tailored to the specialty and the individual: one size does not fit all, so a multifaceted approached is needed. Participants infrequently attended formal continuing education in genomic medicine. More commonly, they reported experiential learning by observation, case-review or interacting with a "genomics champion" in their specialty, which contextualized their knowledge. Medical specialists anticipate that genomic medicine will become part of their practice which could lessen demand on the specialist genetic workforce. They expect to look to experts within their own medical specialty who have gained genomics expertise for specific and contextualized support as they develop the skills and confidence to practice genomic medicine. These findings highlight the need to include opportunities for experiential learning in continuing education. Concepts identified in these interviews can be tested with a larger sample of medical specialists to ascertain representativeness.