The Transition from Elite Junior Track-and-Field Athlete to Successful Senior Athlete: Why Some Do, Why Others Don't
The Transition from Elite Junior Track-and-Field Athlete to Successful Senior Athlete: Why Some Do, Why Others Don't
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DOI：
10.1260/1747-9541.9.3.457
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Hume, Patria A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hollings, Stephen C.;Mallett, Clifford J.;Hume, Patria A.
引导运动员成为高级国际运动员与人才发展计划的纲要是一致的。从初级运动员到高级运动员的过渡可能被视为一种规范的过渡。然而，这种转变可能是一个复杂的过程，对这种复杂性有一定的了解对于那些负责人才培养的人来说是必要的。这项研究旨在确定为什么一些优秀的青少年运动员能够转型成为成功的成年运动员，而其他能力相似的运动员却没有。采访了 1992 年至 2006 年间在世界青少年田径锦标赛 (WJC) 上进入决赛的五名男子和六名女子新西兰运动员。随后，五名运动员在奥运会或世界田径锦标赛上赢得奖牌或进入决赛，或在英联邦运动会上赢得奖牌，而另外六名运动员作为高级运动员继续从事这项运动六到十年，但没有继续代表新西兰参加高级田径国际比赛。使用分层内容分析检查数据。成为成功的高级运动员的运动员表现出： i) 对明确且现实的目标的坚定承诺； ii) 在高年级早期取得国际成功； iii) 具有单一的主导身份和关键优势。没有成为高级国际运动员的运动员的特征是：i）社交、学术/职业生活中的竞争性需求和紧张，以及 ii）缺乏进步。
Guiding athletes to become senior international athletes is consistent with the brief of talent development programmes. The transition from junior to senior athlete might be viewed as a normative transition. Nevertheless, this transition is likely to be a complex process and some understanding of that complexity is necessary to inform those responsible for developing talent. This study aimed to determine why some elite junior athletes make the transition to become successful senior athletes, while others of similar ability did not. Five male and six female New Zealand athletes who made a final for their event at a World Junior Athletics Championships (WJC) between 1992 and 2006 were interviewed. Five athletes subsequently went on to win a medal or make the final of their event at an Olympic Games or World Athletics Championships or win a medal at a Commonwealth Games, while the other six continued in the sport for six to ten years as a senior athlete but did not go on to represent New Zealand internationally at the senior track-and-field international level. The data were examined using hierarchical content analysis. Athletes who progressed to become successful senior athletes displayed: i) a significant commitment to a clearly defined and realistic goal; ii) achieved early international success at the senior grade; and iii) had a single dominant identity and key strength. The athletes who did not go on to be a senior international athlete were characterised as having: i) competing demands and tensions in their social, academic/career lives, and ii) a lack of progression.