Classifying, Constructing, and Identifying Life
Classifying, Constructing, and Identifying Life
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分类、构建和识别生命
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
B. Wynne
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Mackenzie;C. Waterton;R. Ellis;E. Frow;R. McNally;L. Busch;B. Wynne
最近对“生物”的描述强调了它的彻底转变。关于生物医学化、生物技术、生物能源、生物资本和生物经济的叙述往往同意，20世纪和世纪的生命科学改变了生物学的对象，即生物。在如此多的转变中，我们探索通过标准来稳定生物的尝试。我们要问：标准如何处理转型中的生物？基于民族志研究，本文讨论了三个当代后基因组标准，分类，构建或识别生物形式：生命条形码倡议，生物砖组装标准和蛋白质组学标准倡议。我们依赖于最近的标准化的批判性分析表明，任何试图将固定属性归因于生物学的尝试实际上都会增加价值观，材料以及人类和非人类代理之间的依赖关系。我们强调这些生物学标准交叉验证生命形式与生命形式的方式，如公众，基础设施和纪律妥协的形式。我们认为，生物学标准化的尝试提供了一个很好的方法，可以看出一种生命形式如何总是一种生命形式。
Recent accounts of “the biological” emphasize its thoroughgoing transformation. Accounts of biomedicalization, biotechnology, biopower, biocapital, and bioeconomy tend to agree that twentieth- and twenty-first-century life sciences transform the object of biology, the biological. Amidst so much transformation, we explore attempts to stabilize the biological through standards. We ask: how do standards handle the biological in transformation? Based on ethnographic research, the article discusses three contemporary postgenomic standards that classify, construct, or identify biological forms: the Barcoding of Life Initiative, the BioBricks Assembly Standard, and the Proteomics Standards Initiative. We rely on recent critical analyses of standardization to suggest that any attempt to attribute a fixed property to the biological actually multiplies dependencies between values, materials, and human and nonhuman agents. We highlight ways in which these biological standards cross-validate life forms with forms of life such as publics, infrastructures, and forms of disciplinary compromise. Attempts to standardize the biological, we suggest, offer a good way to see how a life form is always also a form of life.