Epidemiology of osteoporosis and fracture in men
Epidemiology of osteoporosis and fracture in men
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DOI：
10.1007/s00223-004-0287-6
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发表时间：
2004-08-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Mellstrom, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kanis, JA;Johnell, O;Mellstrom, D
骨质疏松症及其临床后遗症越来越被认为是一个主要的卫生保健问题，但人们的注意力特别集中在女性绝经后骨质疏松症上[1]。女性的骨矿物质密度比男性低，寿命更长，并且骨质流失速度更快——至少在 50 多岁和 60 多岁时，由于更年期的特征是雌激素缺乏。然而，男性骨质疏松症并不罕见。例如，男性因骨质疏松性骨折而住院的病床天数超过了因前列腺癌而住院的天数。此外，男女的预期寿命都在提高，但男性的提高幅度高于女性。这意味着骨质疏松性骨折的重要性将会增加，这种现象在男性中比在女性中更为明显。本文简要回顾了男性骨质疏松症的流行病学。来自女性的数据不可避免地被用作比较器。该审查重点关注瑞典提供的流行病学信息。这种方法的优点是该国强大的统计和报告基础，但其缺点是来自瑞典的数据不一定适用于其他地方的情况，对此也进行了简要回顾。骨质疏松症是根据骨量来定义的，但临床后果是发生骨折。由于骨量以外的因素对骨折风险有很大影响，因此出于流行病学目的区分骨质疏松症和骨质疏松性骨折是相关的。
Osteoporosis and its clinical sequelae are increasingly recognized as a major health care problem, but attention has focused particularly on postmenopausal osteoporosis in women [1]. Women have a lower bone mineral density than men, live longer, and have the more rapid rates of bone loss—at least in their 50s and 60s due to the estrogen deficiency that characterizes menopause. Osteoporosis in men is not, however, a rare occurrence. For example, the hospital bed days accounted for by osteoporotic fracture in men exceed those due to prostatic cancer. Moreover, life expectancy is improving in both sexes, but at a greater rate in men compared with women. This means that the importance of osteoporotic fracture is set to increase, a phenomenon that will be more marked in men than in women. This article reviews briefly the epidemiology of osteoporosis in men. Data from women are inevitably used as a comparator. The review focuses on epidemiological information available from Sweden. The strength of this approach is the robust statistical and reporting base in this country, but its weakness is that data derived from Sweden are not necessarily applicable to the situation elsewhere, and this too is briefly reviewed. Osteoporosis is defined in terms of bone mass, but the clinical consequences are the fractures that arise. Since factors other than bone mass contribute strongly to fracture risk, it is relevant to make the distinction for epidemiological purposes between osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures.