Typical Relaxation of Isolated Many-Body Systems Which Do Not Thermalize.
Typical Relaxation of Isolated Many-Body Systems Which Do Not Thermalize.
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DOI：
10.1103/physrevlett.118.190601
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发表时间：
2017-05
影响因子：
8.6
通讯作者：
B. N. Balz;P. Reimann
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. N. Balz;P. Reimann
我们考虑不热化的孤立多体量子系统，即期望值接近(近似)稳定的长时间极限，这与平衡统计力学的微观正则预言不一致。对于这种情况下的典型时间松弛行为，给出了一般的解析理论。主要的先决条件是初始条件，这些初始条件明显地填充了许多能级，并且不会在宏观尺度上引起显著的空间不均匀。该理论很好地解释了囚禁离子量子模拟器的实验和数值结果，该模拟器在超冷原子气体中展示了多体局域化，在可积的硬核玻色子和XXZ模型中。
We consider isolated many-body quantum systems which do not thermalize; i.e., expectation values approach an (approximately) steady longtime limit which disagrees with the microcanonical prediction of equilibrium statistical mechanics. A general analytical theory is worked out for the typical temporal relaxation behavior in such cases. The main prerequisites are initial conditions which appreciably populate many energy levels and do not give rise to significant spatial inhomogeneities on macroscopic scales. The theory explains very well the experimental and numerical findings in a trapped-ion quantum simulator exhibiting many-body localization, in ultracold atomic gases, and in integrable hard-core boson and XXZ models.