Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), IGF binding proteins, and other endocrine factors in milk: Role in the newborn
Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), IGF binding proteins, and other endocrine factors in milk: Role in the newborn
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DOI：
10.1007/978-0-387-74087-4_16
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Baumrucker, Craig R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blum, Juerg. W.;Baumrucker, Craig R.
初乳和牛奶在新生儿中的作用主要被认为是一种全面的营养食品。此外，提供初乳--第一种牛奶--对几个物种的早期免疫能力有很好的记录。此外，初乳还富含各种在体外显示生物活性的因子。对于这些分泌的生物活性成分的表型功能，已经提出了三个假说：(1)仅处理乳房，(2)乳房细胞调节，(3)新生儿功能[胃肠道(GIT)或全身]。传统上，人们认为GIT的发育是预先编程的，不受肠腔内发生的事件的影响。然而，大量的研究表明，初乳(或乳源性)生物活性成分基本上可以帮助调节Git的生长和分化，而它们在生理浓度下对出生后发育的作用仍然不清楚。我们目前的大部分了解来自细胞培养和实验室动物，但对农业上重要的物种的实验正在进行中。本章概述了主要在新生牛犊中进行的工作，其次是在其他物种中关于初乳中选定的多肽内分泌因子(激素、生长因子，部分是细胞因子)对新生儿的影响的工作。主要的焦点将是胰岛素样生长因子(IGF)和IGF结合蛋白(IGFBPs)和其他生物活性多肽，但也会考虑对牛奶中的类固醇(特别是雌激素)的新的兴趣和关注。
The role of colostrum and milk in the neonate has been chiefly recognized as a comprehensive nutrient foodstuff. In addition, the provision of colostrum-the first milk-for early immune capacity has been well documented for several species. Colostrum is additionally a rich and concentrated source of various factors that demonstrate biological activity in vitro. Three hypotheses have been proposed for the phenotypic function of these secreted bioactive components: (1) only mammary disposal, (2) mammary cell regulation, and (3) neonatal function [gastrointestinal tract (GIT) or systemic]. Traditionally, it was assumed that the development of the GIT is preprogrammed and not influenced by events occurring in the intestinal lumen. However, a large volume of research has demonstrated that colostrum (or milk-borne) bioactive components can basically contribute to the regulation of GIT growth and differentiation, while their role in postnatal development at physiological concentrations has remained elusive. Much of our current understanding is derived from cell culture and laboratory animals, but experimentation with agriculturally important species is taking place.This chapter provides an overview of work conducted primarily in neonatal calves and secondarily in other species on the effects on neonates of selected peptide endocrine factors (hormones, growth factors, in part cytokines) in colostrum. The primary focus will be on insulin-Eke growth factors (IGFs) and IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) and other bioactive peptides, but new interest and concern about steroids (especially estrogens) in milk are considered as well.