The variable influence of lifestyle and income on medical students' career specialty choices: Data from two US medical schools, 1998-2004
The variable influence of lifestyle and income on medical students' career specialty choices: Data from two US medical schools, 1998-2004
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DOI：
10.1097/00001888-200509000-00005
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发表时间：
2005-09-01
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Thompson, LF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Newton, DA;Grayson, MS;Thompson, LF
目的 最近关于医学生职业选择的报告表明，生活方式越来越影响职业决策。作者讨论了生活方式和收入对职业选择的不断变化的影响、这些影响如何因专业而异，以及学生认为适合生活方式的具体职业。 方法 从 1998 年到 2004 年，东卡罗来纳大学布罗迪医学院（毕业生人数 = 485 名）和纽约医学院（毕业生人数 = 1,348 名）的 1,334 名四年级医学生（73%）完成了一份调查问卷，内容涉及职业专业偏好以及收入和生活方式的担忧。学生被要求以四分制对职业选择的影响进行评分（1 = 无影响，4 = 主要影响）。对这些影响的因素分析确定了七个因素，其中生活方式和收入各有一个。结果 共有 1,327 名学生表示了职业偏好。研究发现，生活方式 (p = .018) 和收入 (p = .011) 对医学生在研究期间的职业选择的影响越来越大。总体而言，作者发现这些因素的相对贡献在专业之间存在显着差异。学生对专业的看法存在着从生活方式友好（例如放射学）到生活方式不友好（例如妇产科）的连续统一体。与之前的报告相反，学生的回答表明，与其他专业相比，他们认为初级保健专业的生活方式处于中间位置。结论生活方式和收入对于医学生的职业选择变得更加重要，并且这些因素的相对影响在不同专业之间存在很大差异。这项研究表明，之前将职业分为可控和不可控生活方式的努力可能掩盖了重要的复杂性。
Purpose Recent reports on medical students' career choices suggest that lifestyle increasingly influences career decisions. The authors addressed the changing influence of lifestyle and income on career choice, how these influences differ by specialty, and the specific careers students identify as lifestyle friendly.Method From 1998 to 2004, 1,334 (73%) fourth-year medical students from Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University (no. = 485 graduates) and New York Medical College (no. = 1,348 graduates) completed a questionnaire that addressed career specialty preferences, as well as income and lifestyle concerns. Students were asked to rate career choice influences on a four-point scale (1 = no influence, 4 = major influence) Factor analysis of these influences identified seven factors including one each for lifestyle and income.Results A total of 1,327 students indicated a career preference. Lifestyle (p =.018) and income (p =.011) were found to increasingly influence medical students' career choices during the study period. overall, the authors found significant differences between specialties in the relative contribution of these factors. Students' perceptions of specialties existed on a continuum of lifestyle friendly (e.g., radiology) to lifestyle unfriendly (e.g., obstetrics-gynecology). Contrary to previous reports, the students' responses indicate they perceived the primary care specialties as lifestyle intermediate compared to other specialties.Conclusions Lifestyle and income have become more important to medical students in their career choice, and the relative influence of these factors varies considerably between specialties. This study suggests that previous efforts to dichotomize careers into those with controllable and uncontrollable lifestyles may mask important complexities.