Understanding social attachment as a window into the neural basis of prosocial behavior.
Understanding social attachment as a window into the neural basis of prosocial behavior.
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DOI：
10.3389/fneur.2023.1247480
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
人类价值的表现和展示与我们作为社会物种的地位密切相关。人类在形成持久的社会依恋方面是相对独特的，其特征是随着时间的推移而持续发展的选择性纽带。这种关系包括父母和子女之间的纽带、伴侣之间的配对纽带和其他从属联系，以及我们可能形成直接和象征性从属关系的群体关系。许多认知和行为过程被认为与我们的社会依恋能力有关，包括安慰、同理心和社会动机，以及介导这些结构的神经回路，都与那些被认为对亲社会价值观的表达很重要的过程相同。这篇观点文章将研究这样一个假设，即我们形成这种长期联系的能力可能在人类价值观和道德体系的构建中发挥重要作用，并且亲社会行为的组成部分在物种之间是共享的。人类是少数几个形成这种长期和排他性依恋的物种之一，通过研究非人类动物的行为，我们对依恋行为背后的神经生物学的理解已经得到了推进。重叠的行为和情感结构的基础上的依恋行为和价值表征进行了讨论，其次是证据表明，从其他物种的依恋行为，支持重叠的神经生物学基础的社会债券和亲社会行为。依恋生物学的理解对人类健康以及理解亲社会行为的基础和变化具有广泛的意义。
The representation and demonstration of human values are intimately tied to our status as a social species. Humans are relatively unique in our ability to form enduring social attachments, characterized by the development of a selective bond that persists over time. Such relationships include the bonds between parents and offspring, pair bonds between partners and other affiliative contacts, in addition to group relationships to which we may form direct and symbolic affiliations. Many of the cognitive and behavioral processes thought to be linked to our capacity for social attachment—including consolation, empathy, and social motivation, and the implicated neural circuits mediating these constructs, are shared with those thought to be important for the representation of prosocial values. This perspective piece will examine the hypothesis that our ability to form such long-term bonds may play an essential role in the construction of human values and ethical systems, and that components of prosocial behaviors are shared across species. Humans are one of a few species that form such long-term and exclusive attachments and our understanding of the neurobiology underlying attachment behavior has been advanced by studying behavior in non-human animals. The overlap in behavioral and affective constructs underlying attachment behavior and value representation is discussed, followed by evidence from other species that demonstrate attachment behavior that supports the overlapping neurobiological basis for social bonds and prosocial behavior. The understanding of attachment biology has broad implications for human health as well as for understanding the basis for and variations in prosocial behavior.
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