Drug repurposing screens reveal cell-type-specific entry pathways and FDA-approved drugs active against SARS-Cov-2.
Drug repurposing screens reveal cell-type-specific entry pathways and FDA-approved drugs active against SARS-Cov-2.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.celrep.2021.108959
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发表时间:
2021-04-06
期刊:
影响因子:
8.8
通讯作者:
Cherry S
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dittmar M;Lee JS;Whig K;Segrist E;Li M;Kamalia B;Castellana L;Ayyanathan K;Cardenas-Diaz FL;Morrisey EE;Truitt R;Yang W;Jurado K;Samby K;Ramage H;Schultz DC;Cherry S
There is an urgent need for antivirals to treat the newly emerged severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). To identify new candidates, we screen a repurposing library of ∼3,000 drugs. Screening in Vero cells finds few antivirals, while screening in human Huh7.5 cells validates 23 diverse antiviral drugs. Extending our studies to lung epithelial cells, we find that there are major differences in drug sensitivity and entry pathways used by SARS-CoV-2 in these cells. Entry in lung epithelial Calu-3 cells is pH independent and requires TMPRSS2, while entry in Vero and Huh7.5 cells requires low pH and triggering by acid-dependent endosomal proteases. Moreover, we find nine drugs are antiviral in respiratory cells, seven of which have been used in humans, and three are US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved, including cyclosporine. We find that the antiviral activity of cyclosporine is targeting Cyclophilin rather than calcineurin, revealing essential host targets that have the potential for rapid clinical implementation. There is an urgent need for antivirals to treat the newly emerged SARS-CoV-2. Dittmar et al. find nine host-directed drugs are antiviral in respiratory cells, seven of which have been given to humans, and three are FDA approved. We show host targets that have the potential for rapid clinical implementation.
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DOI:
10.1038/nrmicro.2016.81
发表时间:
2016-08
期刊:
Nature reviews. Microbiology
影响因子:
--
作者:
de Wit E;van Doremalen N;Falzarano D;Munster VJ
通讯作者:
Munster VJ
影响因子:
158.5
作者:
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影响因子:
5.4
作者:
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Poehlmann, Stefan
影响因子:
3.8
作者:
de Wilde, Adriaan H.;Zevenhoven-Dobbe, Jessika C.;van Hemert, Martijn J.
通讯作者:
van Hemert, Martijn J.
DOI:
10.1099/vir.0.052910-0
发表时间:
2013-08
期刊:
The Journal of general virology
影响因子:
--
作者:
de Wilde AH;Raj VS;Oudshoorn D;Bestebroer TM;van Nieuwkoop S;Limpens RWAL;Posthuma CC;van der Meer Y;Bárcena M;Haagmans BL;Snijder EJ;van den Hoogen BG
通讯作者:
van den Hoogen BG