Racial and Ethnic Differences in the Prevalence of Psychotic Symptoms in the General Population
Racial and Ethnic Differences in the Prevalence of Psychotic Symptoms in the General Population
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DOI：
10.1176/appi.ps.201200348
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发表时间：
2013-11-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Marino, Leslie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cohen, Carl I.;Marino, Leslie
目的：本研究确定了美国成年人代表性样本中种族-民族群体中精神病症状的患病率，并探讨了这些症状与种族-民族，心理困扰和功能障碍的关系。研究方法：使用了精神病学流行病学合作调查的数据，该调查结合了三项具有全国代表性的调查：全国科摩罗调查复制，全国美国生活调查，全国拉丁裔和亚裔美国人研究。样本包括16，423名受访者，分析调整了设计效果。结果：精神病性症状的校正终生患病率和12个月患病率分别为11.6%和1.4%。拉丁裔和黑人的终生患病率（分别为13.6%和15.3%）高于白人（9.7%）和亚洲人（9.6%）。在logistic回归分析中，精神病症状的终生报告与拉丁裔种族、物质使用障碍或创伤后应激障碍的终生诊断、终生心理困扰和当前功能障碍（日常活动受限）相关。在有和没有终身困扰的受访者中，精神病症状的患病率分别如下：亚洲人，5.4%和6.4%;拉丁美洲人，19.9%和8.2%;黑人，21.1%和9.9%;白色，13.1%和5.1%。结论：种族与精神病症状之间存在差异，在分析控制了其他因素后，拉丁美洲人报告的终生症状比其他群体更多。几乎没有证据表明精神病症状是“痛苦的习惯用语”;报告终身精神病症状的受访者倾向于更高的终身痛苦患病率，这种关联并不特定于任何种族-民族群体。虽然精神病症状通常是短暂的，但它们的出现似乎表明人们倾向于经历痛苦。
Objective: This study determined the prevalence of psychotic symptoms among racial-ethnic groups in a representative sample of American adults and explored the relationship of these symptoms with race-ethnicity, psychological distress, and dysfunction. Methods: Data from the Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Surveys were used, which combines three nationally representative surveys: the National Comorbidity Survey Replication, National Survey of American Life, and National Latino and Asian American Study. The sample comprised 16,423 respondents, and the analysis adjusted for design effects. Results: The adjusted lifetime and 12-month prevalence rates of psychotic symptoms were 11.6% and 1.4%, respectively. Latinos and blacks had higher lifetime rates (13.6% and 15.3%, respectively) than whites (9.7%) and Asians (9.6%). In logistic regression analysis, lifetime reports of psychotic symptoms were associated with Latino ethnicity, a lifetime diagnosis of a substance use disorder or posttraumatic stress disorder, lifetime psychological distress, and current dysfunction (limitations in daily activities). Prevalence rates of psychotic symptoms among respondents with and without lifetime distress, respectively, were as follows: Asian, 5.4% and 6.4%; Latino, 19.9% and 8.2%; black, 21.1% and 9.9%; and white, 13.1% and 5.1%. Conclusions: Race-ethnicity was differentially associated with psychotic symptoms, with Latinos reporting more lifetime symptoms than other groups after the analysis controlled for other factors. Little evidence was found that psychotic symptoms are "idioms of distress"; respondents who reported lifetime psychotic symptoms were prone to a higher lifetime prevalence of distress, and this association was not specific to any racial-ethnic group. Although psychotic symptoms are often transient, their presence appears to signal a propensity to experience distress.