Different rules for binocular combination of luminance flicker in cortical and subcortical pathways.
Different rules for binocular combination of luminance flicker in cortical and subcortical pathways.
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DOI：
10.7554/elife.87048
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发表时间：
2023-09-26
期刊：
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Baker DH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Segala FG;Bruno A;Martin JT;Aung MT;Wade AR;Baker DH
人脑如何结合眼睛的信息？多年来，人们都知道皮质标准化机制实现了“目视不变性”：均衡神经对单眼或双眼呈现的空间模式的反应。在这里，我们使用电生理学、心理物理学、瞳孔测量和计算模型的新颖组合来询问这种不变性是否也适用于没有空间对比度的闪烁亮度刺激。我们发现这些刺激在皮层和控制瞳孔直径的皮层下通路中都严重违反了眼视不变性。具体来说，我们发现这两种途径都有显着的双眼促进作用，其中皮层的作用最强。使用感知亮度匹配任务还发现了近线性双眼可加性（而不是目视不变性）。因此，眼性不变性并不是视觉处理的普遍特征，并且大脑似乎通过调整眼间抑制量来重新调整通用归一化算法以适应不同的视觉功能。
How does the human brain combine information across the eyes? It has been known for many years that cortical normalization mechanisms implement ‘ocularity invariance’: equalizing neural responses to spatial patterns presented either monocularly or binocularly. Here, we used a novel combination of electrophysiology, psychophysics, pupillometry, and computational modeling to ask whether this invariance also holds for flickering luminance stimuli with no spatial contrast. We find dramatic violations of ocularity invariance for these stimuli, both in the cortex and also in the subcortical pathways that govern pupil diameter. Specifically, we find substantial binocular facilitation in both pathways with the effect being strongest in the cortex. Near-linear binocular additivity (instead of ocularity invariance) was also found using a perceptual luminance matching task. Ocularity invariance is, therefore, not a ubiquitous feature of visual processing, and the brain appears to repurpose a generic normalization algorithm for different visual functions by adjusting the amount of interocular suppression.