Gaseous Molecules of Geochemical Significance
Gaseous Molecules of Geochemical Significance
复制标题
具有地球化学意义的气态分子
DOI：
10.1021/j150540a003
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发表时间：
1956
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Margrave
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Margrave
为了解释地球化学或天体物理现象，人们必须了解在普遍的温度和压力条件下的重要化学物质。从基本热力学原理可以证明，复杂分子可能是重要的高温物质。在温度低于2000℃时，有证据表明存在许多气态氢氧化物。即使在100-300℃，硼也会形成大量的气态氢氧化物。气态氮化镓已经在900-1000℃被探测到，在恒星温度（10 - 10000 k）下，气态双原子氮化物可能是重要的。当地球化学家试图解释海洋和地球各部分中元素的分布时，他把思路转到形成的时间上来，考虑必然涉及到的各种化学平衡。在计算化学平衡方面，再多的细心和能力也无法克服对有关化学物种缺乏全面知识的缺点。本文的目的是引起人们对一些新的气体分子群的注意，这些分子群鲜为人知，但它们可能在确定地球上元素的分布和火山地区某些元素的浓度方面起着一定的作用，并可能有助于地质勘探
To explain geochemical or astrophysical phenomena one must have a knowledge of the important chemical species at the prevailing conditions of temperature and pressure. From basic thermodynamic principles it can be demonstrated that com-plex molecules may be important high temperature species. At temperatures below 2000 there is evidence that many gaseous hydroxides exist. Boron forms gaseous hydroxides in significant amounts even at 100-300. Gaseous gallium ni-tride has been detectedat 900-1000, and at stellar temperatures (> 10,000 K.) gaseous diatomic nitrides probably are im-portant.When the geochemist tries to account for the dis-tribution of the elements in the sea and in the vari-ous parts of the earth, he reverses his thinking to the time of formation and considers the various chemi-cal equilibria which must have been involved. No amount of care or ability in calculationof chemical equilibria can overcome a lack of complete knowl-edge of the chemical species concerned. It is the purpose of this paper to call attention to some new groups of gaseous molecules, about which little or nothing is known, but which may have played some role in determining the distribution of the elements on the earth and the concentration of certain elements in volcanic areas, and which may aid in ex-