New insights in Russula subsect. Rubrinae: phylogeny and the quest for synapomorphic characters
New insights in Russula subsect. Rubrinae: phylogeny and the quest for synapomorphic characters
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DOI：
10.1007/s11557-017-1322-0
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发表时间：
2017-09-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Adamcik, Slavomir
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cabon, Miroslav;Eberhardt, Ursula;Adamcik, Slavomir
红菇属（Russula）是蘑菇形成真菌中最具物种多样性的属之一，但物种之间的系统发育关系和亚属分组知之甚少。我们的多位点系统发育重建将R.菲尔穆拉河鲁布拉河rutila和R. veternosa属于得到充分支持的红菌亚科分支，属于红菇属皇冠分支的整合分支。传统的基于形态学的分类将这四个物种置于两个不同的亚类，基于存在或不存在的结壳的毛囊原虫。Integrae分支也包含R。integra和相关的物种，传统上被放置在其他组的基础上，他们温和的味道。祖先状态重建表明，冠分支和Integree分支的共同祖先可能没有任何结壳的pileipellis，有一个温和的味道，黄色的孢子印，并与被子植物。Rubrinae分支的所有四个物种都具有深黄色或赭色的孢子印记、辛辣的味道和毛囊虫上的结痂。这最后一个字符相矛盾的前分裂的组，因为结壳显然是忽视了R。firmula和R.兽医。结壳类型现在被强调为是重要的皇冠分支内的物种和群体的划界。粉红色或红色染色的结壳在sulphovanillin是存在于所有物种的Rubrinae分支和大多数的分析物种的Integrae分支。在此以一新的分类检索表概括了Rubrinae分支及其种的界限。
Russula is one of the most speciose genera of mushroom-forming fungi, but phylogenetic relationships among species and subgeneric groupings are poorly understood. Our multi-locus phylogenetic reconstruction places R. firmula, R. rubra, R. rutila and R. veternosa in a well-supported Rubrinae clade, belonging to the Integrae clade of the Crown clade of the genus Russula. Traditional morphology-based classifications placed these four species in two different subsections based on the presence or absence of incrustations on pileocystidia. The Integrae clade also contains R. integra and related species that are traditionally placed in other groups based on their mild taste. Ancestral state reconstruction suggests that the common ancestor of the Crown clade and the Integrae clade probably did not have any incrustations in the pileipellis, had a mild taste, yellow spore print and were associated with angiosperms. All four species of the Rubrinae clade are defined by a darker yellow or ochre spore print, acrid taste and incrustations on pileocystidia. This last character contradicts the former splitting of the group because incrustations were apparently overlooked in R. firmula and R. veternosa. Incrustation type is now highlighted as being important for the delimitation of species and groups within the Crown clade. Pink or red staining of the incrustations in sulphovanillin is present in all species of the Rubrinae clade and a majority of the analysed species of the Integrae clade. The delimitation of the Rubrinae clade and its species circumscriptions are summarised here in a new diagnostic key.