Secondary prevention through cardiac rehabilitation: physical activity counselling and exercise training
Secondary prevention through cardiac rehabilitation: physical activity counselling and exercise training
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DOI：
10.1093/eurheartj/ehq236
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发表时间：
2010-08-01
影响因子：
39.3
通讯作者：
Schmid, Jean-Paul
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Piepoli, Massimo F.;Corra, Ugo;Schmid, Jean-Paul
急性事件和/或慢性心脏病后的心脏病患者应得到特别关注，以恢复其生活质量并维持或改善功能能力。他们需要咨询，通过坚持服药计划和采用健康的生活方式来避免复发。这些二级预防目标包含在心脏康复（CR）的总体目标中。心脏康复可以看作是预防保健的临床应用，通过专业的多学科综合方法，对心脏病患者进行全面降低风险和全球长期护理。企业社会责任方法与灵活的后续战略以及与专业团队的便捷联系相结合。为了促进心脏预防和康复的实施，欧洲心血管预防和康复协会（EACPR）的CR部门最近完成了一份立场文件，题为“通过心脏康复进行二级预防：以病情为导向的方法”。七个临床表现的多学科CR的组成部分已被解决。组成部分包括患者评估、身体活动咨询、运动训练、饮食/营养咨询、体重控制管理、脂质管理、血压监测、戒烟和心理社会管理。心脏康复服务根据定义是多因素和全面的，身体活动咨询和运动训练是所有康复和预防干预措施的核心组成部分。在CR中发生的许多危险因素的改善可以通过运动训练计划来调节。这份行动呼吁文件提出了CR计划的关键组成部分：身体活动咨询和运动训练。它总结了目前以证据为基础的最佳实践，以广泛的患者表现感兴趣的一般心脏病学界。
Cardiac patients after an acute event and/or with chronic heart disease deserve special attention to restore their quality of life and to maintain or improve functional capacity. They require counselling to avoid recurrence through a combination of adherence to a medication plan and adoption of a healthy lifestyle. These secondary prevention targets are included in the overall goal of cardiac rehabilitation (CR). Cardiac rehabilitation can be viewed as the clinical application of preventive care by means of a professional multi-disciplinary integrated approach for comprehensive risk reduction and global long-term care of cardiac patients. The CR approach is delivered in tandem with a flexible follow-up strategy and easy access to a specialized team. To promote implementation of cardiac prevention and rehabilitation, the CR Section of the EACPR (European Association of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation) has recently completed a Position Paper, entitled 'Secondary prevention through cardiac rehabilitation: A condition-oriented approach'. Components of multidisciplinary CR for seven clinical presentations have been addressed. Components include patient assessment, physical activity counselling, exercise training, diet/nutritional counselling, weight control management, lipid management, blood pressure monitoring, smoking cessation, and psychosocial management. Cardiac rehabilitation services are by definition multi-factorial and comprehensive, with physical activity counselling and exercise training as central components in all rehabilitation and preventive interventions. Many of the risk factor improvements occurring in CR can be mediated through exercise training programmes. This call-for-action paper presents the key components of a CR programme: physical activity counselling and exercise training. It summarizes current evidence-based best practice for the wide range of patient presentations of interest to the general cardiology community.