Structural Basis for the Mechanism of ATP-Dependent Acetone Carboxylation.

Structural Basis for the Mechanism of ATP-Dependent Acetone Carboxylation.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41598-017-06973-8
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发表时间:
2017-08-03
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Peters JW
Peters JW
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Mus F;Eilers BJ;Alleman AB;Kabasakal BV;Wells JN;Murray JW;Nocek BP;DuBois JL;Peters JW

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微生物利用羧化酶将二氧化碳气体 (CO2) 或其水合形式碳酸氢盐 (HCO3 −) 引入目标分子,从而形成新的碳-碳键。丙酮羧化酶 (AC) 催化底物丙酮和 HCO3 的转化,形成产物乙酰乙酸。许多碳酸氢盐掺入羧化酶依赖于有机辅因子生物素来激活碳酸氢盐。 AC 含有金属离子但不含有机辅因子,并使用 ATP 通过磷酸化来激活底物。自从这些酶被发现以来,在没有生物素的情况下,酶如何协调这些磷酸化事件和新的 C-C 键形成仍然是一个谜。本文介绍了丙酮羧化的第一个结构原理,重点关注来自自养黄杆菌的 360 kDa (αβγ)2 异六聚 AC,处于无配体、AMP 结合和乙酸配位状态。这些结构表明催化循环中的连续步骤揭示了 AC 经历了大的构象变化,并与 ATP 的底物激活相结合,以在远处的 Mn 中心进行 C-C 键连接。这些结果说明了将二氧化碳转化为生物质的新化学策略,这一过程对全球碳循环具有重要意义。
Microorganisms use carboxylase enzymes to form new carbon-carbon bonds by introducing carbon dioxide gas (CO2) or its hydrated form, bicarbonate (HCO3 −), into target molecules. Acetone carboxylases (ACs) catalyze the conversion of substrates acetone and HCO3 − to form the product acetoacetate. Many bicarbonate-incorporating carboxylases rely on the organic cofactor biotin for the activation of bicarbonate. ACs contain metal ions but not organic cofactors, and use ATP to activate substrates through phosphorylation. How the enzyme coordinates these phosphorylation events and new C-C bond formation in the absence of biotin has remained a mystery since these enzymes were discovered. The first structural rationale for acetone carboxylation is presented here, focusing on the 360 kDa (αβγ)2 heterohexameric AC from Xanthobacter autotrophicus in the ligand-free, AMP-bound, and acetate coordinated states. These structures suggest successive steps in a catalytic cycle revealing that AC undergoes large conformational changes coupled to substrate activation by ATP to perform C-C bond ligation at a distant Mn center. These results illustrate a new chemical strategy for the conversion of CO2 into biomass, a process of great significance to the global carbon cycle.
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