The role of exosomes in hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.
The role of exosomes in hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.
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DOI：
10.1111/jcmm.12950
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发表时间：
2017-05
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Cai X
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shen J;Huang CK;Yu H;Shen B;Zhang Y;Liang Y;Li Z;Feng X;Zhao J;Duan L;Cai X
外泌体是一种小囊泡，最初被认为是从网织红细胞中丢弃不需要的膜蛋白的机制。它们对细胞间通讯的介导似乎与多种生物功能有关。目前的研究表明，大多数哺乳动物细胞经历外泌体形成过程并利用外泌体介导的细胞通讯。外泌体含有多种 microRNA、mRNA 和蛋白质。据报道，它们介导多种功能，例如抗原呈递、免疫逃逸和肿瘤进展。这篇简明的综述重点介绍了外泌体在肝脏疾病中的作用，特别是乙型肝炎、丙型肝炎、肝硬化和肝细胞癌。然而，需要进一步阐明外泌体对细胞间信息传递的贡献。外泌体在肝脏疾病中的潜在医学应用似乎很实用，并将取决于未来研究人员的聪明才智及其对外泌体介导的生物过程的见解。
Exosomes are small vesicles that were initially thought to be a mechanism for discarding unneeded membrane proteins from reticulocytes. Their mediation of intercellular communication appears to be associated with several biological functions. Current studies have shown that most mammalian cells undergo the process of exosome formation and utilize exosome‐mediated cell communication. Exosomes contain various microRNAs, mRNAs and proteins. They have been reported to mediate multiple functions, such as antigen presentation, immune escape and tumour progression. This concise review highlights the findings regarding the roles of exosomes in liver diseases, particularly hepatitis B, hepatitis C, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, further elucidation of the contributions of exosomes to intercellular information transmission is needed. The potential medical applications of exosomes in liver diseases seem practical and will depend on the ingenuity of future investigators and their insights into exosome‐mediated biological processes.