Small molecules, both dietary and endogenous, influence the onset of lens cataracts.

Small molecules, both dietary and endogenous, influence the onset of lens cataracts.
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饮食和内源性的小分子会影响透镜白内障的发作。

DOI:
10.1016/j.exer.2016.03.024
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发表时间:
2017-03
影响因子:
3.4
通讯作者:
Quinlan, Roy A.
Quinlan, Roy A.
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Barnes, Stephen;Quinlan, Roy A.

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透镜如何成功地老化,是生物适应和其细胞和蛋白质补充的新兴特性的一课。这种活组织含有我们体内一些最古老的蛋白质,但尽管暴露在紫外线、活性氧和所有其他对蛋白质功能有害的物质中,它们仍能保持功能数十年。这一非凡的成就是通过对非常稳定的蛋白质(如透镜晶体蛋白)的精明投资,通过提供任何其他组织无法比拟的ATP非依赖性蛋白质伴侣的储存库和抗氧化环境来实现的。此外,谷胱甘肽,一种自由基清除剂,存在于mM浓度和质膜含有抗氧化鞘脂,所以什么妥协透镜功能,因为它的年龄?在这篇综述中,我们研究了小分子在白内障预防或病因中的作用,包括与饮食,代谢途径和药物治疗(类固醇)相关的小分子。
How the lens ages successfully is a lesson in biological adaption and the emergent properties of its complement of cells and proteins. This living tissue contains some of the oldest proteins in our bodies and yet they remain functional for decades, despite exposure to UV light, to reactive oxygen species and all the other hazards to protein function. This remarkable feat is achieved by a shrewd investment in very stable proteins as lens crystallins, by providing a reservoir of ATP-independent protein chaperones unequalled by any other tissue and by an oxidation-resistant environment. In addition, glutathione, a free radical scavenger, is present in mM concentrations and the plasma membranes contain oxidation-resistant sphingolipids, so what compromises lens function as it ages? In this review, we examine the role of small molecules in the prevention or causation of cataracts, including those associated with diet, metabolic pathways and drug therapy (steroids).
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