The effects of qualitative myside bias on polarization to a position
The effects of qualitative myside bias on polarization to a position
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定性偏向对立场极化的影响
DOI：
10.11225/cs.2022.039
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Onoda Ryosuke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Onoda Ryosuke;Osawa Kazuhito;伊藤 桂文，小野田 亮介，尾見 康博;Onoda Ryosuke
我方偏见是一种倾向，积极地产生有利于自己立场的理由，而不愿意产生不利于自己立场的理由。这项研究区分了定量的myside偏见（支持一个立场的理由数量超过反对它的理由数量）和定性的myside偏见（一个人没有对自己最重要的myside理由提出有效的反驳）。本研究探讨了我方偏见与两极化思维之间的关系。在研究1中，大学生（100= 75）被要求写的原因和反对四个主题，并评估他们的信心，他们选择的立场。研究结果表明，被试在写下原因后，两极化思维倾向明显增强，而质性的自我偏向可能与这种倾向呈正相关。在研究2中，大学生（130人）被分为（1）控制条件，他们在研究1中产生的原因，（2）实验条件，他们被要求考虑一个人的最重要的myside原因的可证伪性，和他们的定性myside偏见和信心，他们的立场进行了比较。𝑛结果表明，参与者很难反驳他们最重要的myside理由。再次证实了写原因后两极化加重的趋势。然而，极化思维的可能性是抑制学生减少定性myside偏见，并讨论了减少定性myside偏见的方法。
Myside bias is the tendency to actively generate reasons favorable to one’s position and be reluctant to generate reasons unfavorable to one’s position. This study distinguished between quantitative myside bias (the number of reasons in favor of a position exceeds the number of reasons against it) and qualitative myside bias (where a person does not generate valid counterarguments to one’s most important myside reason). The study examines the relationship between myside bias and polarized thinking. In Study 1, university students (𝑛= 75) were asked to write both reasons for and against four topics, and rate their confidence in their choice of position. The results indicated that polarized thinking was intensified after writing the reasons, and qualitative myside bias may be positively related to this tendency. In Study 2, university students (𝑛= 130) were divided into (1) a control condition where they generated reasons as in Study 1, and (2) an experimental condition where they were asked to consider the falsifiability of one’s most important myside reason, and their qualitative myside bias and confidence in their position were compared. The results indicated that it was difficult for participants to refute their most important myside reasons. The tendency for polarization accentuation after writing reasons was reconfirmed. However, the possibility that polarized thinking is suppressed in students with reduced qualitative myside bias was indicated, and methods for reducing qualitative myside bias were discussed.