More Than a Text Message: Dismantling Digital Triggers to Curate Behavior Change in Patient-Centered Health Interventions.
More Than a Text Message: Dismantling Digital Triggers to Curate Behavior Change in Patient-Centered Health Interventions.
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DOI：
10.2196/jmir.7463
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发表时间：
2017-05-26
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Baumel, Amit
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Muench, Frederick;Baumel, Amit
数字触发器，如短信，电子邮件和推送警报，旨在通过在适当的时间促使内部或外部反应，使个人专注于所需的目标。因此，触发器在让个人参与传统医疗保健环境之外的数字干预方面发挥着至关重要的作用，在传统医疗保健环境中，日常生活中的其他事件和参与努力行为的波动动机存在。有一个新兴的文献研究使用数字触发器的短期行动和长期行为改变。然而，很少有人注意到了解数字触发器的组成部分。使用剪裁作为总体框架，我们将数字触发器分为5个主要组成部分：（1）谁（发送者），（2）如何（刺激类型，传递介质，异质性），（3）何时（传递），（4）多少（频率，强度），以及（5）什么（触发器的目标，触发器的结构，触发器的叙述）。我们强调了在定制每个组件时的关键考虑因素，以及忽略常见错误的陷阱，例如警觉疲劳和习惯化。正如整个文件所证明的，有一个广泛的文献基础，从中汲取时，剪裁触发器，以策展健康干预措施的行为改变。然而，还需要更多的研究来检查基于组件定制的功效差异，最好地使用触发器来促进随着时间的推移的行为改变，并保持个人参与身心健康行为改变的努力。将数字触发器分解成它们的组成部分，并根据一个人的改变目标的完形重新组装它们，这是这个发展工作的第一步。
Digital triggers such as text messages, emails, and push alerts are designed to focus an individual on a desired goal by prompting an internal or external reaction at the appropriate time. Triggers therefore have an essential role in engaging individuals with digital interventions delivered outside of traditional health care settings, where other events in daily lives and fluctuating motivation to engage in effortful behavior exist. There is an emerging body of literature examining the use of digital triggers for short-term action and longer-term behavior change. However, little attention has been given to understanding the components of digital triggers. Using tailoring as an overarching framework, we separated digital triggers into 5 primary components: (1) who (sender), (2) how (stimulus type, delivery medium, heterogeneity), (3) when (delivered), (4) how much (frequency, intensity), and (5) what (trigger's target, trigger's structure, trigger's narrative). We highlighted key considerations when tailoring each component and the pitfalls of ignoring common mistakes, such as alert fatigue and habituation. As evidenced throughout the paper, there is a broad literature base from which to draw when tailoring triggers to curate behavior change in health interventions. More research is needed, however, to examine differences in efficacy based on component tailoring, to best use triggers to facilitate behavior change over time, and to keep individuals engaged in physical and mental health behavior change efforts. Dismantling digital triggers into their component parts and reassembling them according to the gestalt of one's change goals is the first step in this development work.