The global diffusion of regulatory instruments:: The making of a new international environmental regime
The global diffusion of regulatory instruments:: The making of a new international environmental regime
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DOI：
10.1177/0002716204272355
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发表时间：
2005-03-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Tews, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Busch, PO;Jörgens, H;Tews, K
在1990年代，国内环境政策制定出现了一种新的管理模式。这种格局主要是政策扩散的结果。在没有正式义务的情况下，决策者自愿仿效和采用了在国际上传播并在其他地方已经实施的监管文书。虽然在国际上推广监管文书往往有助于这些文书的传播，但这些文书的特点决定了监管文书在各国传播的程度和速度。自愿采用管制手段不能完全用决策者提高效力的合理动机来解释。此外，他们的动机是对合法性的关切和感到遵守国际规范的压力。
During the 1990s, a new regulatory pattern in domestic environmental policy making emerged. This pattern is largely a result of policy diffusion. In the absence of formal obligations, regulatory instruments that have been communicated internationally and were already being practiced elsewhere were voluntarily emulated and adopted by policy makers. While the international promotion of regulatory instruments often facilitated their diffusion, the instruments' characteristics determined the extent and speed by which regulatory instruments spread across countries. The voluntary adoption of regulatory instruments cannot be exclusively explained by the rational motivation of policy makers to improve effectiveness. In addition, they were motivated by concerns of legitimacy and perceived pressure to conform with international norms.