Annual growth cycle observation, hybridization and forcing culture for improving the ornamental application of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. in the low-latitude regions
Annual growth cycle observation, hybridization and forcing culture for improving the ornamental application of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. in the low-latitude regions
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年度生长周期观察、杂交及催育提高芍药观赏应用.
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0218164
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发表时间：
2019-06-13
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Xia, Yiping
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang, Jiaping;Zhang, Dong;Xia, Yiping
在北半球，扩大草本牡丹（Paeonia lactiflora Pall.）的南部分布范围是一项有意义和有价值的园艺努力。然而，在亚热带和热带偏南地区，冬季高温严重阻碍了牡丹的芽休眠释放和开花。资源引进和杂交可以培育出对暖冬气候适应性强的新品种。本研究筛选了3个代表性品种的开花能力，并观察了它们的年生长周期，为杂交提供了必要的信息。其中，杭百少是最适合南方种植区的品种，在北纬30°00′的南方地区具有独特的生长能力。通过5种方法测定，‘杭百少’的花粉活力为55.60%，是优良的杂交父本。这三个品种的杂交植株生长良好，但花蕾全部流产。此外，还测试了三种促进“杭百少”开花的生长调节剂促进室内栽培策略的能力，以改善牡丹作为盆栽或切花植物的应用。5-氮杂胞苷对‘杭白芍’的生长有一定的影响，会导致植株矮化和小花，但不会提前开花时间。赤霉素A3对发芽和生长有显著的促进作用，但最终植株全部枯萎。0 ~ 4℃低温4周和300 mg/L腐植酸灌溉是促进开花和保证开花品质的最佳组合。这些研究结果可为今后牡丹低温需求性状、芽休眠释放及关键功能基因的研究奠定基础。此外，该研究还可以为将具有冬季休眠特性的重要经济植物扩展到低纬度地区提供指导。
Expanding the southern range of herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) is a meaningful and worthwhile horticultural endeavor in the Northern Hemisphere. However, high temperatures in winter seriously hinder the bud dormancy release and flowering of peony in the more southern areas of subtropical and tropical regions. Resource introduction and hybridization can contribute to creating new cultivars with high adaptability in a warmer winter climate. In this study, three representative cultivars of P. lactiflora were screened for flowering capabilities and their annual growth cycles were observed to provide information needed for hybridization. Among these three cultivars, ‘Hang Baishao’ is the best adapted cultivar for southern growing regions and is unique in its ability to thrive in southern areas of N 30°00’. Pollen viability of ‘Hang Baishao’ was 55.60% based on five measuring methods, which makes it an excellent male parent in hybridization. Hybrid plants among these three cultivars grew well, but all of their flower buds aborted. Additionally, the ability of three growth regulators that advance the flowering of ‘Hang Baishao’ to promote an indoor cultivation strategy for improving peony application as a potted or cut-flower plant was tested. 5-azacytidine could impact the growth of ‘Hang Baishao’ and induce dwarfism and small flowers but not advance the flowering time. Gibberellin A3 promoted the sprouting and growth significantly, but all plants eventually withered. Chilling at 0–4°C for four weeks and irrigation with 300 mg/L humic acid was the optimal combination used to hasten flowering and ensure flowering quality simultaneously. These results can lay the foundation for future studies on the chilling requirement trait, bud dormancy release and key functional gene exploration of herbaceous peony. Additionally, this study can also provide guidance for expanding the range of economically important plants with the winter dormancy trait to the low-latitude regions.