Contribution of small insects to pollination of common buckwheat, a distylous crop
Contribution of small insects to pollination of common buckwheat, a distylous crop
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1744-7348.2009.00326.x
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发表时间：
2009-08
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Hisatomo Taki;K. Okabe;S. Makino;Y. Yamaura;M. Sueyoshi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hisatomo Taki;K. Okabe;S. Makino;Y. Yamaura;M. Sueyoshi
作物的动物授粉是一项重要的生态系统服务。在动物授粉的农作物中，远缘植物强烈依赖动物授粉。在远志授粉系统中，传粉者的种类通常是有限的，尽管一些远志植物的花被不同的动物访问。研究了普通荞麦(Fagopyrum Esculentum)的授粉生物学，以评价非蜜蜂物种对授粉服务的影响。我们重点研究了比蜜蜂小的昆虫，以确定它们对授粉的贡献。我们用粗网袋进行授粉处理，以排除蜜蜂和较大昆虫的访花，并比较套袋植物和未处理植物的针状花和线状花的结实率。我们发现，只有在套袋的针花中，结实的数量才会大大减少。我们还证实，包括蚂蚁、蜜蜂、黄蜂和苍蝇在内的小昆虫携带针形花粉。这些小昆虫将花粉从针形花的短花药转移到短花柱的线形花朵上，从而在线形花朵中产生足够的种子。因此，小型的非蜜蜂昆虫有可能维持这种依赖蜜蜂的远生作物至少一半的产量。
Crop pollination by animals is an essential ecosystem service. Among animal-pollinated crops, distylous plants strongly depend on animal pollination. In distylous pollination systems, pollinator species are usually limited, although flowers of some distylous plants are visited by diverse animals. We studied the pollination biology of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum), a distylous crop mainly pollinated by honeybees and visited by many insect species, to evaluate the effects of non-honeybee species on pollination services. We focused on insects smaller than honeybees to determine their contribution to pollination. We applied pollination treatments with bags of coarse mesh to exclude flower visits by honeybees and larger insects and compared the seed set of bagged plants with that of untreated plants for pin and thrum flower morphs. We found a great reduction of seed set only in bagged pin flowers. We also confirmed that small insects, including ants, bees, wasps and flies, carried pin-morph pollen. These small insects transfer pollen from the short anthers of pin flowers to the short styles of thrum flowers, leading to sufficient seed set in thrum flowers. Consequently, small, non-honeybee insects have the potential to maintain at least half of the yield of this honeybee-dependent distylous crop.