Bone architecture and fracture.
Bone architecture and fracture.
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DOI：
10.1007/s11914-005-0004-z
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发表时间：
2005-06-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Currey, John D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Currey, John D
骨骼的设计是为了有效地执行它们的需求。其中一项要求是抗断裂。另外两个重要的要求是硬和轻。很少有自适应建模理论将适当刚度建模与适当强度建模区分开来。骨骼的结构部分是由基因决定的，骨骼的大致形状是由基因决定的，部分是由对正常负荷的反应决定的。正常载荷很少包括创伤载荷，骨骼通常不能很好地适应创伤，尽管它们可能很好地适应疲劳载荷。建筑功能的某些方面，如中空性，已经被很好地理解了。有些方面，如在冲击中需要均匀载荷，还不太了解，有些方面，如尺寸效应，现在才开始研究。
Bones are designed to carry out their requirements effectively. One of these requirements is to resist fracture. Two other important requirements are to be stiff and to be light. Few theories of adaptive modeling distinguish modeling for adequate stiffness from modeling for adequate strength. Bones achieve their architecture partially through genetics, the rough form of the bone being laid down in the genes, and partially through response to normal loading. Normal loading rarely includes traumatic loading and bones are not usually well adapted to resist trauma, though they are probably well adapted to fatigue loading. Some aspects of architectural function, such as hollowness, are well understood. Some aspects, such as the need for uniform loading in impact, are less understood, and some, such as size effects, are only now beginning to be investigated.