Tracking Hydrocarbon Plume Transport and Biodegradation at Deepwater Horizon
Tracking Hydrocarbon Plume Transport and Biodegradation at Deepwater Horizon
复制标题
DOI：
10.1126/science.1195223
复制
发表时间：
2010-10-08
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Maloney, James V.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Camilli, Richard;Reddy, Christopher M.;Maloney, James V.
“深水地平线”的井喷是历史上最大的海上石油泄漏事件。我们展示了使用自主水下航行器和船载电缆采样器进行地下碳氢化合物调查的结果。我们的研究结果表明，在大约1100米深的地方，存在一个持续的油羽，长度超过35公里，持续了几个月，没有实质性的生物降解。从烟羽中采集的样本显示，单芳香族石油烃的浓度超过每升50微克。这些数据表明，该烟柱的单芳烃输入量至少为5500公斤/天，这是墨西哥湾北部所有自然泄漏的单芳烃石油烃总源速率的两倍多。溶解氧浓度表明，烟羽内的微生物呼吸速率每天不明显超过1微摩尔氧。
The Deepwater Horizon blowout is the largest offshore oil spill in history. We present results from a subsurface hydrocarbon survey using an autonomous underwater vehicle and a ship-cabled sampler. Our findings indicate the presence of a continuous plume of oil, more than 35 kilometers in length, at approximately 1100 meters depth that persisted for months without substantial biodegradation. Samples collected from within the plume reveal monoaromatic petroleum hydrocarbon concentrations in excess of 50 micrograms per liter. These data indicate that monoaromatic input to this plume was at least 5500 kilograms per day, which is more than double the total source rate of all natural seeps of the monoaromatic petroleum hydrocarbons in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Dissolved oxygen concentrations suggest that microbial respiration rates within the plume were not appreciably more than 1 micromolar oxygen per day.