A detailed map of Higgs boson interactions by the ATLAS experiment ten years after the discovery.
A detailed map of Higgs boson interactions by the ATLAS experiment ten years after the discovery.
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希格斯玻色子相互作用的详细地图由ATLAS实验发现十年后。
DOI：
10.1038/s41586-022-04893-w
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发表时间：
2022-07
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
粒子物理学的标准模型描述了构成我们宇宙的已知基本粒子和力（重力除外）。标准模型的核心特征之一是一个贯穿整个空间并与基本粒子相互作用的场。这个场的量子激发，被称为希格斯场，表现为希格斯玻色子，唯一没有自旋的基本粒子。2012年，在欧洲核子研究中心的大型强子对撞机（Large Hadron Collider）进行的ATLAS和CMS实验中，发现了一种与标准模型的希格斯玻色子性质一致的粒子。从那以后，ATLAS实验记录了超过30倍的希格斯玻色子，使得更精确的测量和新的理论测试成为可能。在这个更大的数据集的基础上，我们将前所未有的希格斯玻色子的产生和衰变过程结合起来，仔细研究它与基本粒子的相互作用。与胶子、光子、W和Z玻色子（强、电磁力和弱力的载体）的相互作用被详细研究。与三个第三代物质粒子(底部(b)和顶部（t)夸克以及tau轻子（τ））的相互作用得到了很好的测量，并且与第二代粒子（μ子，μ）相互作用的迹象正在出现。这些测试表明，十年前发现的希格斯玻色子与该理论的预测非常一致，并为标准模型之外的许多新现象模型提供了严格的约束。在发现希格斯玻色子十年后，欧洲核子研究中心的ATLAS实验用2015-2018年更大的数据集探测了希格斯玻色子的运动学特性，并进一步了解了希格斯玻色子与其他已知粒子的相互作用。
The standard model of particle physics describes the known fundamental particles and forces that make up our Universe, with the exception of gravity. One of the central features of the standard model is a field that permeates all of space and interacts with fundamental particles. The quantum excitation of this field, known as the Higgs field, manifests itself as the Higgs boson, the only fundamental particle with no spin. In 2012, a particle with properties consistent with the Higgs boson of the standard model was observed by the ATLAS and CMS experiments at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. Since then, more than 30 times as many Higgs bosons have been recorded by the ATLAS experiment, enabling much more precise measurements and new tests of the theory. Here, on the basis of this larger dataset, we combine an unprecedented number of production and decay processes of the Higgs boson to scrutinize its interactions with elementary particles. Interactions with gluons, photons, and W and Z bosons—the carriers of the strong, electromagnetic and weak forces—are studied in detail. Interactions with three third-generation matter particles (bottom (b) and top (t) quarks, and tau leptons (τ)) are well measured and indications of interactions with a second-generation particle (muons, μ) are emerging. These tests reveal that the Higgs boson discovered ten years ago is remarkably consistent with the predictions of the theory and provide stringent constraints on many models of new phenomena beyond the standard model. Ten years after the discovery of the Higgs boson, the ATLAS experiment at CERN probes its kinematic properties with a significantly larger dataset from 2015–2018 and provides further insights on its interaction with other known particles.
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4.4
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