Commentary: Facing the challenge of gene-environment interaction: The two-by-four table and beyond
Commentary: Facing the challenge of gene-environment interaction: The two-by-four table and beyond
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DOI：
10.1093/aje/153.10.1016
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发表时间：
2001-05-15
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Khoury, MJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Botto, LD;Khoury, MJ
人类基因组计划的结果是，流行病学家可以研究成千上万的基因及其与环境的相互作用。挑战在于如何最好地呈现和分析这种多种遗传和环境因素的研究。作者建议强调基因-环境相互作用的基本核心——单独评估个体和联合危险因素的影响。在对一种基因型和暴露（均为二分类）的简单分析中，这样的研究可以用一个2乘4的表来总结。这种表格用于数据表示和分析的优点有很多：表格有效地显示数据并突出样本量问题；它允许评估基因型和暴露对疾病风险的独立和联合作用；它强调效果估计而不是模型检验。研究人员可以很容易地估计相对风险和归因分数，并测试不同的相互作用模型。2乘4表是一个有用的工具，用于呈现，分析和综合数据的基因-环境相互作用。为了突出基因-环境相互作用在疾病病因中的作用，作者建议将2乘4表作为流行病学分析的基本单位。
As a result of the Human Genome Project, epidemiologists can study thousands of genes and their interaction with the environment. The challenge is how to best present and analyze such studies of multiple genetic and environmental factors. The authors suggest emphasizing the fundamental core of gene-environment interaction-the separate assessment of the effects of individual and joint risk factors. In the simple analysis of one genotype and an exposure (both dichotomous), such study can be summarized in a two-by-four table. The advantages of such a table for data presentation and analysis are many: The table displays the data efficiently and highlights sample size issues; it allows for evaluation of the independent and joint roles of genotype and exposure on disease risk; and it emphasizes effect estimation over model testing. Researchers can easily estimate relative risks and attributable fractions and test different models of interaction. The two-by-four table is a useful tool for presenting, analyzing, and synthesizing data on gene-environment interaction. To highlight the role of gene-environment interaction in disease causation, the authors propose that the two-by-four table is the fundamental unit of epidemiologic analysis.