Impact of avian influenza outbreaks in the poultry sectors of five South East Asian countries (Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Thailand, Viet Nam) outbreak costs, responses and potential long term control
Impact of avian influenza outbreaks in the poultry sectors of five South East Asian countries (Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Thailand, Viet Nam) outbreak costs, responses and potential long term control
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DOI：
10.1079/wps200570
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发表时间：
2005-09-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Mcleod, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rushton, J;Viscarra, R;Mcleod, A
高致病性禽流感（HPAI），在大多数情况下是H5 N1毒株，已知2003年在本研究的所有国家都存在，并于2004年1月由所有国家正式报告（OIE，2005; FAO，2004）。疫情似乎在印度尼西亚、泰国和越南传播最广，后两个国家也报告了人间病例和死亡（粮农组织，2005年）。这种疾病的重要性是以下因素的结合：·高水平的死亡率，鸡群死亡率通常超过50%。高致病性禽流感的高度传染性也需要严格的控制方法来限制疫情的爆发，这通常包括扑杀与受感染的鸟类接触过的看似健康的鸟类。此外，一些国家还采取了疫苗接种战略，以减少易感禽类的数量。高致病性禽流感造成的高鸟类死亡率和昂贵的控制方法将通过本文件中研究国家的数据进行论证。·高致病性禽流感的存在限制了活禽和禽肉产品的国际贸易并影响了旅游业。在发展家禽出口业的地方，家禽业和服务部门的重要投资和就业受到威胁。Leslie和厄普顿（1999年）报告了以畜牧产品为主的国家无疾病的积极好处。
Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), in most cases the strain H5N1, was known to be present in all countries of this study in 2003 and was officially reported by all countries in January 2004 (OIE, 2005; FAO, 2004). The outbreak appears to be most widely spread in Indonesia, Thailand and Viet Nam, with the latter two countries also reporting human cases and fatalities (FAO, 2005). The importance of this disease is a combination of:• The high levels of mortality with flock mortality rates often above 50%. The highly infectious nature of HPAI also requires severe control methods to restrict an outbreak, which would normally include the culling of apparently healthy birds that have been in contact with infected ones. In addition, some countries have adopted vaccination strategies to reduce the numbers of susceptible birds. The high bird mortality caused by HPAI and the costly control methods will be demonstrated with data from the study countries in this document.• The presence of HPAI restricting international trade in live birds and poultry meat products and affecting tourism. Where poultry export industries have been developed, there are impacts in terms of threats to important investments and employment in the poultry industry and the service sector to this industry. Leslie and Upton (1999) report the positive benefits from disease freedom of livestock product orientated countries.