The occurrence and diversity of ectomycorrhizas of Larix kaempferi seedlings on a volcanic mountain in Japan

The occurrence and diversity of ectomycorrhizas of Larix kaempferi seedlings on a volcanic mountain in Japan
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日本火山山落叶松幼苗外生菌根的发生及多样性

DOI：
10.1017/s0953756298006480
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发表时间：
1998
期刊：
Fungal Biology
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Kunihide Takahashi
Kunihide Takahashi
中科院分区：
生物学3区
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guoting Yang;J. Cha;M. Shibuya;T. Yajima;Kunihide Takahashi

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日本落叶松苗木，在形成的过程中 在火山喷发后的植被重建过程中建立， 对其外生菌根的类型、发生方式和多样性进行了评估 沿着高程渐变。根据外生菌根的宏观和微观特征，确定了12种外生菌根 这是机密。总体而言，外生菌根类型因地点而不同苗龄的差异更大。苗木的大部分根系 年龄1-5岁，在中低海拔地区寄生1-2种菌根真菌，2或 海拔较高的3个类型。在高海拔和中海拔压力较大的环境下，平均DW。为期1年 老苗，其中40%被3或4个菌根真菌定植，其重量是相同年龄苗的两倍 海拔较低的地方，只有10%的地方有3到4个菌根真菌。类型与频次的对应关系 在菌根中，海拔梯度和凋落物积累表明凋落物积累沿梯度的变化 可能不仅影响菌根类型和它们的出现，而且还影响同一苗木上菌根的多样性。多样性 菌根在同一幼苗上的分布从一开始就被认为是建立幼苗的关键 应激部位，也可能受营养物质可获得性的影响。菌根之间的竞争越激烈 由于具有相似资源需求的菌根真菌共享的食物来源(顶根)减少，导致 菌根经常在同一根系甚至同一根尖共生。因此，菌根的多样性 随着幼苗年龄的增长，类型似乎变得简单了。
Larix kaempferi seedlings, in the process of becoming established during the revegetation process following a volcanic eruption, were assessed for the types, occurrence patterns and diversity of their ectomycorrhizas along an elevation gradient. On the basis of macro- and microscopic characteristics, 12 types of ectomycorrhizas were classified. In general, ectomycorrhizal types differed more by site than by seedling age. The majority of root systems of seedlings with an age ranging from 1 to 5 years were colonized by 1 or 2 types of mycorrhizal fungi at low and intermediate elevations, 2 or 3 types at a higher elevation. Under the more stressed environments of high and intermediate elevations, the mean d.w. of 1 yr old seedlings, 40% of which were colonized by 3 or 4 mycorrhizal fungi, was double the weight of the same aged seedlings at lower elevation sites, only 10% of which were colonized by 3 or 4 mycorrhizal fungi. The correspondence between the type and frequency of mycorrhizas, the elevation gradient and litter accumulation suggests that change in litter accumulation along gradient may influence not only mycorrhizal types and their occurrence, but also the diversity of mycorrhizas on one seedling. Diversity of mycorrhizas on the same seedling is assumed to be critical for the establishment of seedlings from the very beginning on stressed sites, and may also be influenced by the availability of nutrients. The more intensive competition between mycorrhizas that occurs due to a reduction in the food source (tip roots) shared by the mycorrhizal fungi with similar resource requirements, results in frequent co-occurrence of mycorrhizas in the same root system or even the same root tip. As a result, the diversity of mycorrhizal types seems to become simplified as the seedlings age.