A comparative analysis of the rainbow trout genome with 2 other species of fish (Arctic charr and Atlantic salmon) within the tetraploid derivative Salmonidae family (subfamily:Salmoninae)
A comparative analysis of the rainbow trout genome with 2 other species of fish (Arctic charr and Atlantic salmon) within the tetraploid derivative Salmonidae family (subfamily:Salmoninae)
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作者：
Danzmann, RG;Cairney, M;Woram, RA
我们更新了虹鳟鱼（Oncorhynchus mykiss）的遗传图谱的2个异交作图面板，并使用此图来评估推定的染色体结构和连锁群之间的重组率差异。然后，我们使用虹鳟性别特异性图谱进行比较与其他2个祖先多倍体物种的鲑鱼，北极红点鲑（Salvelinus alpinus）和大西洋鲑鱼（萨尔莫salar），以确定homeopathy染色体的亲和力在每个物种，并确定同源染色体之间的物种关系。鲑科鱼类在重组率上表现出广泛的性别特异性差异，其中一些物种在迄今为止研究的任何脊椎动物物种中具有最大的差异。我们目前估计的女性：男性重组率在虹鳟鱼是4.31：1。染色体结构和（或）大小与虹鳟鱼两性间重组率差异有关。来自假定的近端着丝粒型染色体的连锁群，观察到有低得多的性别特异性差异的重组率比中部着丝粒型连锁群。北极红点鲑是核型上最少衍生的物种（即，具有大量的近端着丝粒染色体）并且大西洋鲑鱼是最衍生的（即，具有许多整臂融合）。大西洋鲑鱼具有最大的雌性：雄性重组比率差异（即，16.81：1）与虹鳟、北极红点鲑（1.69：1）相比。物种间连锁群同源片段之间的重组率的比较表明，当检测到显着的实验方面的差异（7/24测试），重组率一般较高的物种与少派生的染色体结构（6/7显着比较）。大西洋鲑鱼和虹鳟鱼之间的连锁群同线更大的相似性，表明其更密切的系统发育亲和力，和最种间连锁群比较支持的模型，表明整个染色体臂易位发生在这个组的进化。然而，检测到一些可能的例外，这些调查结果进行了讨论，其对隔离失真模式的影响。我们还报告了不寻常的减数分裂分离模式，涉及重复（homeopathy）连锁群对12/16的母本，并讨论了几种模式，可能占这些模式。
We updated the genetic map of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) for 2 outcrossed mapping panels, and used this map to assess the putative chromosome structure and recombination rate differences among linkage groups. We then used the rainbow trout sex-specific maps to make comparisons with 2 other ancestrally polyploid species of salmonid fishes, Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) to identify homeologous chromosome affinities within each species and ascertain homologous chromosome relationships among the species. Salmonid fishes exhibit a wide range of sex-specific differences in recombination rate, with some species having the largest differences for any vertebrate species studied to date. Our current estimate of female:male recombination rates in rainbow trout is 4.31:1. Chromosome structure and (or) size is associated with recombination rate differences between the sexes in rainbow trout. Linkage groups derived from presumptive acrocentric type chromosomes were observed to have much lower sex-specific differences in recombination rate than metacentric type linkage groups. Arctic charr is karyotypically the least derived species (i.e., possessing a high number of acrocentric chromosomes) and Atlantic salmon is the most derived (i.e., possessing a number of whole-arm fusions). Atlantic salmon have the largest female:male recombination ratio difference (i.e., 16.81:1) compared with rainbow trout, and Arctic charr (1.69:1). Comparisons of recombination rates between homologous segments of linkage groups among species indicated that when significant experiment-wise differences were detected (7/24 tests), recombination rates were generally higher in the species with a less-derived chromosome structure (6/7 significant comparisons). Greater similarity in linkage group syntenies were observed between Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout, suggesting their closer phylogenetic affinities, and most interspecific linkage group comparisons support a model that suggests whole chromosome arm translocations have occurred in the evolution of this group. However, some possible exceptions were detected and these findings are discussed in relation to their influence on segregation distortion patterns. We also report unusual meiotic segregation patterns in a female parent involving the duplicated (homeologous) linkage group pair 12/16 and discuss several models that may account for these patterns.