Noncovalent Synthesis Using Hydrogen Bonding
Noncovalent Synthesis Using Hydrogen Bonding
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DOI：
10.1002/chin.200135285
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发表时间：
2001-08
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
L. J. Prins;D. Reinhoudt;P. Timmerman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. J. Prins;D. Reinhoudt;P. Timmerman
氢键就像人类一样，表现出典型的群体行为。作为一个个体，他们是脆弱的，容易崩溃，有时很难被发现。然而，当他们一起行动时，他们变得更加强大，相互依靠。这种现象，在科学术语中被称为协同性，是基于“1 + 1大于2”的事实。利用这一原理，化学家们已经开发出了各种各样的化学稳定结构，这些结构基于多个氢键的可逆形成。经过20多年的基础研究，已逐渐发展成为有机合成领域中的一门新学科，现称之为“非共价合成”。本文综述了基于多氢键可逆形成的非共价合成。从一个彻底的描述什么是“氢键”真正是，它引导读者通过各种双分子和更高的秩序组装和阐明的一般原则，决定他们的稳定性。特别关注基于氢键相互作用的可逆胶囊，其表现出有趣的封装现象。此外，氢键的形成在自我复制过程中的作用进行了积极的讨论，最后的评论简要总结了新材料（纳米管，液晶，聚合物等）的发展。和原则（动态库），最近已经从这个有趣的研究领域。
Hydrogen bonds are like human beings in the sense that they exhibit typical grouplike behavior. As an individual they are feeble, easy to break, and sometimes hard to detect. However, when acting together they become much stronger and lean on each other. This phenomenon, which in scientific terms is calledcooperativity, is based on the fact that “1+1 is more than 2”. By using this principle, chemists have developed a wide variety of chemically stable structures that are based on the reversible formation of multiple hydrogen bonds. More than 20 years of fundamental studies on these phenomena have gradually developed into a new discipline within the field of organic synthesis, and is nowadays called “noncovalentsynthesis”. This review describes noncovalent synthesis based on the reversible formation of multiple hydrogen bonds. Starting with a thorough description of what the “hydrogen bond” really is, it guides the reader through a variety of bimolecular and higher order assemblies and exemplifies the general principles that determine their stability. Special focus is given to reversible capsules based on hydrogen‐bonding interactions that exhibit interesting encapsulation phenomena. Furthermore, the role of hydrogen‐bond formation in self‐replicating processes is actively discussed, and finally the review briefly summarizes the development of novel materials (nanotubes, liquid crystals, polymers, etc.) and principles (dynamic libraries) that recently have emanated from this intriguing field of research.