Normative Collective Behavior in The Station Building Fire
Normative Collective Behavior in The Station Building Fire
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1540-6237.2011.00759.x
复制
发表时间：
2011-03-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Hotchkiss, H. Lawrence
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aguirre, B. E.;Torres, Manuel R.;Hotchkiss, H. Lawrence
目的本文通过考察导致 100 人死亡、近 200 人受伤的罗德岛 Station 夜总会火灾，对集体行为的规范性解释进行检验。方法俱乐部所有人的信息来自于对罗德岛警察局、罗德岛总检察长办公室和《普罗维登斯日报》文件的内容分析。我们使用负二项式回归来检验关于夜总会 179 个群体的死亡和受伤人数的群体层面预测因素的影响的假设。结果结果表明，群体层面的因素，如火灾开始时群体成员的距离、他们之间的亲密关系数量、他们在事件发生前访问夜总会的程度以及他们使用的疏散路线的平均长度，可以预测受伤和死亡的人数。该研究还着眼于幸存者和受害者之间存在哪些行为差异，确定了夜总会员工之间角色延伸的存在，并为危险环境否定了群体中亲密关系的保护性影响这一论断提供了支持。结论我们主张放弃当前在建筑结构火灾疏散研究中对非理性和群体模仿行为的强调，并将群体层面的过程纳入社会研究中。 这些事件的心理学解释。
ObjectiveThis article offers a test of the normative explanation of collective behavior by examining the fire at the Station nightclub in Rhode Island that killed 100 and injured nearly 200 persons.MethodsInformation on all persons at the club comes from content analysis of documents from the Rhode Island Police Department, the Rhode Island Office of the Attorney General, and The Providence Journal. We use negative binomial regression to test hypotheses about the effects of group-level predictors of the counts of dead and injured in 179 groups at the nightclub.ResultsResults indicate that group-level factors such as distance of group members at the start of the fire, the number of intimate relations among them, the extent to which they had visited the nightclub prior to the incident, and the average length of the evacuation route they used predict counts of injured and dead. The research also looks at what behavioral differences exist between survivors and victims, ascertains the existence of role extension among employees of the nightclub, and provides support for the affirmation that dangerous contexts negate the protective influence of intimate relations in groups.ConclusionWe argue for the abandonment of current emphasis on irrationality and herd-like imitative behavior in studies of evacuation from structural fires in buildings and for the inclusion of group-level processes in social psychological explanations of these incidents.