Versatile and Rapid Synthesis of Polymer Nanodomes via Template- and Solvent-free Condensed Droplet Polymerization
Versatile and Rapid Synthesis of Polymer Nanodomes via Template- and Solvent-free Condensed Droplet Polymerization
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DOI：
10.1021/acs.chemmater.2c00964
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发表时间：
2022-06
影响因子：
8.6
通讯作者：
Trevor Franklin;Danielle L. Streever;Rong Yang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Trevor Franklin;Danielle L. Streever;Rong Yang
非球形聚合物纳米颗粒（PNPs）代表了一类新兴的材料，具有新的功能，如超材料的自组装和可编程的药代动力学/免疫反应。常见的基于溶液的合成技术如乳液聚合主要产生球形颗粒。虽然非球形PNPs已经获得了额外的模板，制造和纯化步骤，劳动密集型和昂贵的基于溶液的合成方案限制了其性质和功能的基础和应用研究。此外，这些方法仅适用于少量选择的单体，限制了PNP可获得的官能度。在这里，我们报告的快速，溶剂，和无模板的非球形PNPs的合成通过耦合缩合和聚合的新想法，实现了使用一种新的技术，即冷凝液滴聚合（CDP）。使用聚合物纳米圆顶作为原理证明，我们展示了颗粒尺寸的连续变化（从20 nm以下到1 μm以上）以及由多种功能聚合物组成的纳米圆顶在几秒到几分钟内的完整合成。基于蒸汽的CDP方法使得该技术可扩展用于制造软非球形纳米颗粒，有前途的先进应用。
Nonspherical polymer nanoparticles (PNPs) represent an emerging class of materials with novel functions such as self-assembly of metamaterials and programmable pharmacokinetics/immune response. Common solution-based synthesis techniques like emulsion polymerization primarily produce spherical particles. Although nonspherical PNPs have been obtained with additional templating, fabrication, and purification steps, the labor-intensive and costly solution-based synthetic protocols limit the fundamental and applied research on their properties and functions. Furthermore, these approaches are only applicable to a small selection of monomers, restricting the functionality that is accessible by PNPs. Here, we report the rapid, solvent-, and template-free synthesis of nonspherical PNPs via the fresh idea of coupled condensation and polymerization, realized using a novel technique, namely, condensed droplet polymerization (CDP). Using polymer nanodomes as a proof of principle, we demonstrate continuous variation of particle dimensions (from sub-20 nm to above 1 μm) and the complete syntheses of nanodomes composed of a variety of functional polymers within seconds to minutes. The vapor-based CDP approach renders the technique scalable for the manufacturing of soft nonspherical nanoparticles, promising advanced applications.