Investigating differences in general comprehension skill.
Investigating differences in general comprehension skill.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1037//0278-7393.16.3.430
复制
发表时间：
1990-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Gernsbacher;K. R. Varner;M. Faust
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Gernsbacher;K. R. Varner;M. Faust
对于成年人，理解书面语言的技能与理解口语的技能高度相关。这种一般的理解技能是否超出了基于语言的方式？如果这样做，哪些认知过程和机制可以区分那些更熟练地熟练理解技能的人？在我们的第一个实验中，我们发现理解书面和听觉故事的技能与理解非语言，图片故事的技能高度相关。这一发现支持了以下假设：一般的理解技能超出了语言。我们还发现了对以下假设的支持，即获得最近理解的信息的较差标志标志着较少熟练的一般理解技能（实验2），因为较低的熟练理解者在理解过程中会发展过太多的心理下部结构（实验3），也许是因为它们降低了无关的信息（实验4实验4 ）。因此，捕获和代表可理解信息的结构所涉及的认知过程和机制为一般理解技能提供了个体差异的一个来源。
For adults, skill at comprehending written language correlates highly with skill at comprehending spoken language. Does this general comprehension skill extend beyond language-based modalities? And if it does, what cognitive processes and mechanisms differentiate individuals who are more versus less proficient in general comprehension skill? In our first experiment, we found that skill in comprehending written and auditory stories correlates highly with skill in comprehending nonverbal, picture stories. This finding supports the hypothesis that general comprehension skill extends beyond language. We also found support for the hypotheses that poorer access to recently comprehended information marks less proficient general comprehension skill (Experiment 2) because less skilled comprehenders develop too many mental substructures during comprehension (Experiment 3), perhaps because they inefficiently suppress irrelevant information (Experiment 4). Thus, the cognitive processes and mechanisms involved in capturing and representing the structure of comprehensible information provide one source of individual differences in general comprehension skill.