Conceptualising COVID-19's impacts on household food security
Conceptualising COVID-19's impacts on household food security
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s12571-020-01085-0
复制
发表时间：
2020-07-14
期刊：
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Hoddinott, John
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Devereux, Stephen;Bene, Christophe;Hoddinott, John
COVID-19通过破坏粮食系统直接破坏粮食安全，并通过封锁对家庭收入和实际获得粮食的影响间接破坏粮食安全。2019冠状病毒病及其应对措施可能会破坏粮食生产、加工和销售，但最令人担忧的影响是在需求方面--经济和实际获得粮食的机会。本文确定了三个有助于理解这些影响的补充框架，这些影响预计将持续到封锁解除后的大流行阶段。粮农组织的“四大支柱”--可得性、可及性、稳定性和利用--以及“粮食系统”方法都为分析粮食安全提供了整体框架。Sen的“权利”方法有助于分解对家庭生产、劳动、贸易和转让方面的食物权利的需求方面的影响。利用这些框架中每一个框架的优势，可以加强对大流行对粮食安全影响的理解，同时也可以确定政府和其他行为者干预粮食系统的领域，以保护因COVID-19和公众反应而脆弱的家庭的粮食安全。
COVID-19 undermines food security both directly, by disrupting food systems, and indirectly, through the impacts of lockdowns on household incomes and physical access to food. COVID-19 and responses to the pandemic could undermine food production, processing and marketing, but the most concerning impacts are on the demand-side - economic and physical access to food. This paper identifies three complementary frameworks that can contribute to understanding these effects, which are expected to persist into the post-pandemic phase, after lockdowns are lifted. FAO's 'four pillars'- availability, access, stability and utilisation - and the 'food systems' approach both provide holistic frameworks for analysing food security. Sen's 'entitlement' approach is useful for disaggregating demand-side effects on household production-, labour-, trade- and transfer-based entitlements to food. Drawing on the strengths of each of these frameworks can enhance the understanding of the pandemic's impacts on food security, while also pinpointing areas for governments and other actors to intervene in the food system, to protect the food security of households left vulnerable by COVID-19 and public responses.