Judgments of self-identified gay and heterosexual male speakers: Which phonemes are most salient in determining sexual orientation?
Judgments of self-identified gay and heterosexual male speakers: Which phonemes are most salient in determining sexual orientation?
复制标题
自认为是同性恋和异性恋的男性说话者的判断：哪些音素在确定性取向方面最显着？
DOI：
10.1016/j.wocn.2015.04.001
复制
发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Satariano,NicholasP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tracy,ErikC;Bainter,SierraA;Satariano,NicholasP
虽然有大量研究表明，男性说话者的性取向可以从相对较长的讲话段落中识别出来，但很少有研究评估听者在面对单词长度的刺激时是否能判断出性取向。如果听者能够区分自认为是同性恋和异性恋的美国英语男性说话者，那么他们是基于一个音素（如元音或辅音）还是基于多个音素（如元音和辅音）来形成判断就不清楚了。在这项研究中，我们首先发现听者可以通过听到单词长度刺激来区分自认为是同性恋和异性恋的美国英语说话者。我们在一个单独的实验中扩展了这些结果，以证明听众在形成判断时主要依赖元音，在某种程度上依赖辅音。听者能够区分出每一个元音和七个辅音中的三个。在后续的实验中，我们发现，如果听众听到多个音素，比如元音和/s/，他们的判断会有所提高。这些结果提供了重要的信息，说明不同的音素如何提供关于男性说话者性取向的歧视性信息。
While numerous studies have demonstrated that a male speaker's sexual orientation can be identified from relatively long passages of speech, few studies have evaluated whether listeners can determine sexual orientation when presented with word-length stimuli. If listeners are able to distinguish between self-identified gay and heterosexual male speakers of American English, it is unclear whether they form their judgments based on a phoneme, such as a vowel or consonant, or multiple phonemes, such as a vowel and a consonant. In this study, we first found that listeners can distinguish between self-identified gay and heterosexual speakers of American English upon hearing word-length stimuli. We extended these results in a separate experiment to demonstrate that listeners primarily rely on vowels, and to some extent consonants, when forming their judgments. Listeners were able to differentiate between the two groups of speakers for each of the vowels and three of the seven consonants presented. In a follow-up experiment we found evidence that listeners' judgments improved if they were presented with multiple phonemes, such as a vowel and /s/. These results provide important information about how different phonemes can provide discriminant information about a male speaker's sexual orientation.