Children show heightened memory for threatening social actions
Children show heightened memory for threatening social actions
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jecp.2011.11.003
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发表时间：
2012-05-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Kinzler, Katherine D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baltazar, Nicole C.;Shutts, Kristin;Kinzler, Katherine D.
三项实验调查了社会认知中的消极偏见是否会影响学龄前儿童对其他人社会行为和经历细节的记忆。在了解了做出友善或卑鄙社会行为的人后，实验 1 中的孩子比记住谁是友善的人更能准确地记住谁是卑鄙的人。在实验2中，与善良的人相比，孩子们对卑鄙的人所实施的行为的具体细节表现出记忆优势。在实验3中，当从接受者而不是这些行为的实施者的角度呈现小插曲时，与好的行为相比，孩子们对卑鄙行为的细节表现出更好的记忆。总的来说，这些发现表明，与积极的社交行为相比，儿童对消极社交行为的细节表现出更强的记忆力。这种记忆偏差可能有利于帮助孩子预测未来潜在的威胁情况。 (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. 保留所有权利。
Three experiments investigated whether a negativity bias in social perception extends to preschool-aged children's memory for the details of others' social actions and experiences. After learning about individuals who committed nice or mean social actions, children in Experiment 1 were more accurate at remembering who was mean compared with who was nice. In Experiment 2, children showed a memory advantage for the specific details of actions committed by mean individuals compared with nice individuals. In Experiment 3, children exhibited better memory for the details of mean actions compared with nice actions when the vignettes were presented from the perspective of the recipients instead of the perpetrators of these actions. Taken together, these findings suggest that children show heightened memory for the details of negative social actions over positive social actions. Such a memory bias may be advantageous in helping children to predict potentially threatening situations in the future. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.