Developmental Continuity in Theory of Mind: Speed and Accuracy of Belief-Desire Reasoning in Children and Adults
Developmental Continuity in Theory of Mind: Speed and Accuracy of Belief-Desire Reasoning in Children and Adults
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-8624.2011.01635.x
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发表时间：
2011-09-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Todd, Sophie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Apperly, Ian A.;Warren, Frances;Todd, Sophie
在信念-欲望推理任务中，孩子们首先通过涉及真实信念的任务，然后才是涉及错误信念的任务，并且首先通过涉及积极欲望的任务，然后是涉及消极欲望的任务。目前的研究检查了年龄足以通过所有此类任务的参与者的信念-欲望推理。 83 名 6 至 11 岁的孩子和 20 名成人参与者完成了简单的、基于计算机的信念欲望推理测试，记录了反应时间和错误率。这两项指标都表明，与幼儿一样，年龄较大的儿童和成人发现推理错误信念和消极愿望比推理正确信念和积极愿望更困难。有人认为，这种发展连续性与信念-欲望推理发展的执行能力或执行绩效解释最为一致。
On belief-desire reasoning tasks, children first pass tasks involving true belief before those involving false belief, and tasks involving positive desire before those involving negative desire. The current study examined belief-desire reasoning in participants old enough to pass all such tasks. Eighty-three 6- to 11-year-olds and 20 adult participants completed simple, computer-based tests of belief-desire reasoning, which recorded response times as well as error rates. Both measures suggested that, like young children, older children and adults find it more difficult to reason about false belief and negative desires than true beliefs and positive desires. It is argued that this developmental continuity is most consistent with either executive competence or executive performance accounts of the development of belief-desire reasoning.