Word category conversion causes processing costs: Evidence from adjectival passives
Word category conversion causes processing costs: Evidence from adjectival passives
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词类转换导致处理成本：来自形容词被动语态的证据
DOI：
10.3758/pbr.17.5.651
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Claudia Maienborn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Britta Stolterfoht;Helga Gese;Claudia Maienborn
语言理解中句法表征的构建始于对词的类别的识别。范畴信息是否存在于心理词典中是目前语言学理论界争论的一个问题。标准的观点认为，一个词的句法范畴是词汇规定的（词汇主义方法）。最近，在分布式形态学的范式中，已经提出了词汇元素（词根）在没有任何句法类别信息的情况下被存储：词汇元素的句法类别仅由它出现的句法上下文确定（句法方法）。对于范畴歧义词的处理，这两种解释可以推导出不同的假设.词汇论认为，A类词转化为B类词的过程是一个生成性的语法过程，如名词化和形容词化。这种转换可能会产生额外的处理费用。另一方面，在句法方法中，不需要额外的处理步骤，因为不需要任何类别转换。在一项关于所谓的形容词被动句的自定进度的阅读研究中，我们发现了根据词汇主义方法预测的成本证据（即，用于改变词的类别的语法过程）。更具体地说，本研究为动词性分词到形容词性分词的范畴转换提供了证据。我们还讨论了另一种解释，这一发现的频率。
Constructing syntactic representations in language comprehension begins with the identification of word categories. Whether the category information is stored in the mental lexicon is a matter of debate in current linguistic theorizing. The standard view assumes that the syntactic category of a word is lexically specified (lexicalist approach). More recently, it has been proposed within the paradigm of distributed morphology that lexical elements (roots) are stored without any syntactic category information: The syntactic category of a lexical element is determined only by the syntactic context in which it appears (syntactic approach). For processing categoryambiguous words, different hypotheses can be derived from these two accounts. The lexicalist approach predicts that there are productive grammatical processes, such as nominalization and adjectivization, that convert a word of Category A into one of Category B. Such a conversion might be assumed to create additional processing costs. Within the syntactic approach, on the other hand, no additional processing step is expected, because there is no need for any category shift. In a self-paced reading study on so-called adjectival passives, we found evidence of costs predicted under the lexicalist approach (i.e., for a grammatical process that changes the category of a word). More specifically, the present study provides evidence for category conversion from a verbal participle into an adjectival one. We also discuss an alternative explanation for this finding in terms of frequency.